BUCKINGHAM (_George Villiers, duke of_). There were two dukes of this name, father and son, both notorious for their profligacy and political unscrupulousness. The first (1592-1628) was the favorite of James I., nicknamed "Steenie" by that monarch from his personal beauty, "Steenie" being a pet corruption of Stephen, whose face at martyrdom was "as the face of an angel." He was assassinated by Fenton. Sir Walter Scott introduces him in _The Fortunes of Nigel_, and his son in _Peveril of the Peak_. The son (1627-1688) also appears under the name of "Zimri" (q.v.) in Dryden's _Absalom and Achitophel_. He was the author of _The Rehearsal_, a drama upon which Sheridan founded his _Critic_, and of other works, but is principally remembered as the profligate favorite of Charles II. He was a member of the famous "CABAL" (q.v.), and closed a career of great splendor and wickedness in the most abject poverty. _Buckingham_ (_Henry de Stafford, duke of_) was a favorite of Richard III. and a participator in his crimes, but revolted against him, and was beheaded in 1483. This is the duke that Sackville met in the realms of Pluto, and whose "complaynt" is given in the prologue to _A Mirrour for Magistraytes_ (1587). He also appears in Shakespeare's _Richard III._ His son in _Henry VIII._ _Buckingham_ (_Mary duchess of_), introduced by sir W. Scott in _Peveril of the Peak_ (time, Charles II.). BUCKLAW (_The laird of_), afterwards laird of Girnington. His name was Frank Hayston. Lucy Ashton plights her troth to Edgar master of Ravenswood, and they exchange love-tokens at the Mermaid's Fountain; but her father, sir William Ashton, from pecuniary views, promises her in marriage to the laird of Bucklaw, and as she signs the articles Edgar suddenly appears at the castle. They return to each other their love-tokens, and Lucy is married to the laird; but on the wedding night the bridegroom is found dangerously wounded in the bridal chamber, and the bride hidden in the chimney-corner insane. Lucy dies in convulsions, but Bucklaw recovers and goes abroad.--Sir W. Scott, _The Bride of Lammermoor_ (time, William III.). BUCKTHORNE, a conspicuous figure in _Tales of a Traveller_, by Washington Irving. He is gentleman student, dancing buffoon, lover, poet, and author by turns, and nothing long unless it be a royally good fellow (1824). BUFFOON (_The Pulpit_). Hugh Peters is so called by Dugdale (1599-1660). BUG JARGAL, a negro, passionately in love with a white woman, but tempering the wildest passion with the deepest respect.--Victor Hugo, _Bug Jargal_ (a novel).