CALANDRI´NO, a character in the _Decameron_, whose "misfortunes have made all Europe merry for four centuries."--Boccaccio, _Decameron_, viii. 9 (1350). CALAN´THA, princess of Sparta, loved by Ith´oclês. Ithoclês induces his sister, Penthe´a, to break the matter to the princess. This she does; the princess is won to requite his love, and the king consents to the union. During a grand court ceremony Calantha is informed of the sudden death of her father, another announces to her that Penthea had starved herself to death from hatred to Bass´anês, and a third follows to tell her that Ithoclês, her betrothed husband, has been murdered. Calantha bates no jot of the ceremony, but continues the dance even to the bitter end. The coronation ensues, but scarcely is the ceremony over than she can support the strain no longer, and, broken-hearted, she falls dead.--John Ford, _The Broken Heart_ (1633). CALAN'THE (3 _syl._), the betrothed wife of Pyth'ias the Syracusian.--J. Banim, _Damon and Pythias_ (1825). CAL'CULATOR (_The_). Alfragan the Arabian astronomer was so called (died A.D. 820). Jedediah Buxton, of Elmeton, in Derbyshire, was also called "The Calculator" (1705-1775). George Bidder, Zerah Colburn, and a girl named Heywood (whose father was a Mile End weaver) all exhibited their calculating powers in public. Pascal, in 1642, made a calculating machine, which was improved by Leibnitz. C. Babbage also invented a calculating machine (1790-1871). CAL'DERON (_Don Pedro_), a Spanish poet born at Madrid (1600-1681). At the age of fifty-two he became an ecclesiastic, and composed religious poetry only. Altogether he wrote about 1000 dramatic pieces. Her memory was a mine. She knew by heart All Cal'deron and greater part of Lopé. Byron, _Don Juan_, i. 11 (1819). [Illustration] "Lope," that is Lopê de Vega, the Spanish poet (1562-1635). CALEB, the enchantress who carried off St. George in infancy. _Ca'leb_, in Dryden's satire of _Absalom and Achitophel_, is meant for lord Grey of Wark, in Northumberland, an adherent of the duke of Monmouth. And, therefore, in the name of dulness be The well-hung Balaam and cold Caleb free. Part i. [Illustration] "Balaam" is the earl of Huntingdon. CA'LED, commander-in-chief of the Arabs in the siege of Damascus. He is brave, fierce, and revengeful. War is his delight. When Pho'cyas, the Syrian, deserts Eu'menês, Caled asks him to point out the governor's tent; he refuses; they fight, and Caled falls.--John Hughes, _Siege of Damascus_ (1720). CALEDO´NIANS, Gauls from France who colonized south Britain, whence they journeyed to Inverness and Ross. The word is compounded of two Celtic words, _Cael_ ("Gaul" or "Celt") and _don_ or _dun_ ("a hill"), so that Cael-don means "Celts of the highlands."