_Apelles_. When his famous painting of Venus rising out of the sea (hung by Augustus in the temple of Julius Cæsar) was greatly injured by time, Nero replaced it by a copy done by Dorotheus. This Venus by Apelles is called "Venus Anadyom'-enê," his model (according to tradition) being Campaspê (afterwards his wife). APEMAN'TUS, a churlish Athenian philosopher, who snarled at men systematically, but showed his cynicism to be mere affectation, when Timon attacked him with his own weapons.--Shakespeare, _Timon of Athens_ (1600). Their affected melancholy showed like the cynicism of Apemantus, contrasted with the real misanthropy of Timon.--Sir W. Scott. APIC'IUS, an epicure in the time of Tiberius. He wrote a book on the ways of provoking an appetite. Having spent £800,000 in supplying the delicacies of the table, and having only £80,000 left, he hanged himself, not thinking it possible to exist on such a wretched pittance. _Apicia_, however, became a stock name for certain cakes and sauces, and his name is still proverbial in all matters of gastronomy. There was another of the name in the reign of Trajan, who wrote a cooking book and manual of sauces. No Brahmin could abominate your meal more than I do. Hirtius and Apicius would have blushed for it. Mark Antony, who roasted eight whole boars for supper, never massacred more at a meal than you have done.--Cumberland, _The Fashionable Lover_, i. 1 (1780). APOLLO, son of Jupiter and Latona, and model of masculine beauty. He is the sun, in Homeric mythology, the embodiment of practical wisdom and foresight, of swift and far-reaching intelligence, and hence of poetry, music, etc. _The Apollo Belvidere_, that is, the Apollo preserved in the Belvidere gallery of the Vatican, discovered in 1503 amid the ruins of An'tium, and purchased by pope Julius II. It is supposed to be the work of Cal'amis, a Greek sculptor of the fifth century B.C. _The Apollo of Actium_ was a gigantic statue, which served for a beacon. _The Apollo of Rhodes_, usually called the colossus, was a gigantic bronze statue, 150 feet high, made by Charês, a pupil of Lysippus, and set up B.C. 300. _Animals consecrated to Apollo_, the cock, the crow, the grasshopper, the hawk, the raven, the swan, and the wolf. APOLL'YON, king of the bottomless pit; introduced by Bnnyan in his _Pilgrim's Progress_. Apollyon encounters Christian, by whom, after a severe contest, he is foiled (1678). APOSTLE _or Patron Saint of_--