=Penelva= (_The Exploits and Adventures of_), part of the series called _Le Roman des Romans_, pertaining to “Am´adis of Gaul.” This part was added by an anonymous Portuguese (fifteenth century). =Penfeather= (_Lady Penelope_), the Lady Patroness at the Spa.--Sir W. Scott, _St. Ronan’s Well_ (time, George III.). =Pengwern= (_The Torch of_), prince Gwenwyn of Powys-land.--Sir W. Scott, _The Betrothed_ (time, Henry II.). =Pengwinion= (_Mr._), from Cornwall; a Jacobite conspirator with Mr. Redgauntlet.--Sir W. Scott, _Redgauntlet_ (time, George III.). =Peninsular War= (_The_), the war carried on by Sir Arthur Wellesley against Napoleon in Portugal and Spain (1808-1814). Southey wrote a _History of the Peninsular War_ (1822-32). =Penitents of Love= (_Fraternity of the_), an institution established in Languedoc, in the thirteenth century, consisting of knights and esquires, dames and damsels, whose object was to prove the excess of their love by bearing, with invincible constancy, the extremes of heat and cold. They passed the greater part of the day abroad, wandering about from castle to castle, wherever they were summoned by the inviolable duties of love and gallantry; so that many of these devotees perished by the inclemency of the weather, and received the crown of martyrdom to their profession.--See Warton, _History of English Poetry_ (1781). =Pen´lake= (_Richard_), a cheerful man, both frank and free, but married to Rebecca, a terrible shrew. Rebecca knew if she once sat in St. Michael’s chair (on St. Michael’s Mount, in Cornwall), that she would rule her husband ever after; so she was very desirous of going to the mount. It so happened that Richard fell sick, and both vowed to give six marks to St. Michael if he recovered. Richard did recover, and they visited the shrine; but while Richard was making the offering, Rebecca ran to seat herself in St. Michael’s chair; but no sooner had she done so, than she fell from the chair, and was killed in the fall.--Southey, _St. Michael’s Chair_ (a ballad, 1798). =Penniless= (_The_), Maximilian I., emperor of Germany (1459, 1493-1519). =Penniman= (_Wolfert_). Young captain of the Mayga in _Outward Bound_.--W. T. Adams (Oliver Optic). =Penny= (_Jock_), a highwayman.--Sir W. Scott, _Guy Mannering_ (time, George II.).