Charles Sumner: his complete works, volume 02 (of 20)Sumner, Charles
History
Charles Sumner: his complete works, volume 02 (of 20)
Sumner, Charles
Slavery -- United States; Speeches, addresses, etc., American
With regard to this several things are to be observed. 1. It sets
forth, as Mr. Roscoe's opinion of the Pennsylvania System, what, in
fact, was not his opinion of that system, but of another system, that
of _solitude without labor_, and was written two years before the
Pennsylvania System came into existence,--misapplying his opinion,
and therefore misrepresenting it. 2. It withholds or suppresses the
date of the extract, and the source whence it is drawn. In point of
fact, it was written before the new penitentiary was built; but it
is nevertheless entitled "Mr. Roscoe's Opinion of the Pennsylvania
System," so that the reader unfamiliar with the subject would suppose
it in reality his opinion of that system. 3. It omits an important
passage after the word "charge," without any asterisks or other mark
denoting omission,--which, if printed, would have shown conclusively
that Roscoe's remarks did not apply to the existing Pennsylvania
System, but to a system of absolute solitude, without solace of any
kind. Is it not proper, then, to say that this passage is garbled? And
yet the Treasurer's voucher for the accuracy of the quotations extends
to this also.
_Fourthly._ The opinions of Lafayette receive similar treatment to
those of Roscoe; though this case is still stronger against that most
discreditable Eighteenth Report. The article or chapter in which this
is done is as follows.
"GEN. LAFAYETTE'S OPINION OF THE PENNSYLVANIA SYSTEM.
"'As to Philadelphia,' says the General, in a letter to Mr.
Roscoe, 'I had already, on my visit of the last year, expressed my
regret that the great expenses of the new Penitentiary building
had been chiefly calculated on the plan of solitary confinement.
This matter has lately become an object of discussion; a copy of
your letter, and my own observations, have been requested; and as
both opinions are actuated by equally honest and good feelings,
as solitary confinement has never been considered but with a view
to reformation, I believe our ideas will have their weight with
men who have been discouraged by late failures of success in the
reformation plan. It seems to me, two of the inconveniences most
complained of might be obviated, in making use of the solitary
cells to separate the prisoners at night, and multiplying the rooms
of common labor, so as to reduce the number of each room to what
it was when the population was less dense,--an arrangement which
would enable the managers to keep distinctions among the men to
be reclaimed, according to the state of their morals, and their
behavior.' 'In these sentiments,' says Mr. Roscoe, 'I have the
pleasure most fully to concur; and I hold it to be impossible to
give a more clear, correct, and impartial decision on the subject.'
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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