Charles Sumner: his complete works, volume 05 (of 20)Sumner, Charles
History
Charles Sumner: his complete works, volume 05 (of 20)
Sumner, Charles
Slavery -- United States; Speeches, addresses, etc., American
The offensive provision in the bill is in its form a legislative
anomaly, utterly wanting the natural directness and simplicity of an
honest transaction. It does not undertake openly to repeal the old
Prohibition of Slavery, but seems to mince the matter, as if conscious
of the swindle. It says that this Prohibition, “being inconsistent
with the principle of non-intervention by Congress with Slavery in
the States and Territories, as recognized by the legislation of 1850,
commonly called the Compromise Measures, is hereby declared inoperative
and void.” Thus, with insidious ostentation, is it pretended that an
act violating the greatest compromise of our legislative history,
and loosening the foundations of all compromise, is derived out of a
compromise. Then follows in the bill the further declaration, entirely
without precedent, which has been aptly called “a stump speech in its
belly,” namely, “it being the true intent and meaning of this act not
to legislate Slavery into any Territory or State, nor to exclude it
therefrom, but to leave the people thereof perfectly free to form and
regulate their domestic institutions in their own way, subject only to
the Constitution of the United States.”[69] Here are smooth words, such
as belong to a cunning tongue enlisted in a bad cause. But whatever
may have been their various hidden meanings, this at least is evident,
that, by their effect, the Congressional prohibition of Slavery, which
had always been regarded as a seven-fold shield, covering the whole
Louisiana Territory north of 36° 30´, is now removed, while a principle
is declared which renders the supplementary prohibition of Slavery in
Minnesota, Oregon, and Washington “inoperative and void,” and thus
opens to Slavery all these vast regions, now the rude cradles of
mighty States. Here you see the magnitude of the mischief contemplated.
But my purpose is with the Crime against Kansas, and I shall not stop
to expose the conspiracy beyond.
Mr. President, men are wisely presumed to intend the natural
consequences of their conduct, and to seek what their acts seem to
promote. Now the Nebraska Bill, on its very face, openly clears the
way for Slavery, and it is not wrong to presume that its originators
intended the natural consequences of such an act, and sought in this
way to extend Slavery. Of course they did. And this is the first stage
in the Crime against Kansas.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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