Charles Sumner: his complete works, volume 06 (of 20)Sumner, Charles
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Charles Sumner: his complete works, volume 06 (of 20)
Sumner, Charles
Slavery -- United States; Speeches, addresses, etc., American
Here I close this branch of the argument, which I have treated less
fully than the first, partly because time and strength fail me, but
chiefly because the Barbarism of Slavery, when fully established,
supersedes all other inquiry. Enough is done on this head. At the
risk of repetition, I gather it together. The assumption, that
Slave-Masters, under the Constitution, may take their slaves into
Territories and continue to hold them as in States, stands on two
pretensions,--first, that man may hold property in man, and, secondly,
that this property is recognized in the Constitution. But we have
seen that the pretended property in man stands on no reason, while
the two special arguments by which it is asserted--first, an alleged
inferiority of race, and, secondly, the ancient curse of Ham--are
grossly insufficient to uphold such pretension. And we have next seen
that this pretension has as little support in the Constitution as in
reason; that Slavery is of such an offensive character, that it can
find support only in “positive” sanction, and words of “irresistible
clearness”; that this benign rule, questioned in the Senate, is
consistent with the principles of an advanced Civilization; that no
such “positive” sanction, in words of “irresistible clearness,” can
be found in the Constitution, while, in harmony with the Declaration
of Independence, and the Address of the Continental Congress, the
contemporaneous declarations in the Convention, and especially the
act of the Convention substituting “service” for “servitude,” on the
ground that the latter expressed “the condition of slaves,” all attest
that the pretension that man can hold property in man was carefully,
scrupulously, and completely excluded from the Constitution, so that
it has no semblance of support in that sacred text; nor is this
pretension, which is unsupported in the Constitution, helped by the two
arguments, one in the name of State Equality, and the other in the name
of Popular Sovereignty, both of which are properly put aside.
* * * * *
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