[165] “Totidem esse hostes, quot servos.” A saying of Cato the elder. (Seneca, Epist. XLVII.). Archdeacon Paley, the lucid moralist, in a speech at Carlisle, February 9, 1792, on the Slave-Trade, announced, as “a principle inherent in every man, ‘that a slave watches his opportunity to get free.’” Works, (Boston and Newport, 1810-12,) Vol. V. p. 498. [166] History, Book I. ch. 101; Book VII. ch. 27; Book VIII. ch. 40. [167] Ibid., Book IV. ch. 80. [168] The Clouds, 5-7. [169] The Laws, Book VI. ch. 5. [170] Ibid., ch. 19. [171] Rebellion Record, Vol. II., Diary, p. 33. [172] Letter of Attorney-General Bates: McPherson’s Political History of the United States during the Great Rebellion, p. 235, note; also Appleton’s Annual Cyclopædia, 1861, art. SLAVES, p. 642. This letter is not found in the Opinions of the Attorneys-General. [173] Rebellion Record, Vol. II., Documents, pp. 437, 438. [174] Rebellion Record, Vol. II., Documents, p. 493. [175] Appleton’s Annual Cyclopædia, 1861, art. SLAVES, p. 643. The Secretary spoke at a “clam-bake.” [176] Rebellion Record, Vol. III., Documents, p. 36. [177] On the Frogs, 190. [178] Plutarch, Decem Oratorum Vitæ: Hyperides. See also Demosthenes, Contra Aristogitonem II. pp. 803, 804; Allgemeine Encyklopädie von Ersch und Gruber, art. HYPERIDES; Smith’s Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, Vol. I. p. 985, art. DEMOSTHENES. [179] From a MS. note-book; but the reference is accidentally omitted. [180] History of Rome, Vol. II. p. 300. [181] Art. CAIUS MARIUS. [182] History of Rome, ed. Schmitz, Vol. I. (forming the fourth volume of the entire History) p. 400. [183] From the French of Amiot, Cambridge, 1676, p. 367. [184] Life of Tiberius Gracchus, tr. Langhorne. [185] History of Rome, ed. Schmitz, Vol. I. p. 326. [186] Suetonius, Julius Cæsar, c. XLII. [187] Merivale, History of the Romans under the Empire, Vol. I. p. 52. [188] Life of Caius Marius, tr. Langhorne. [189] Ibid., from the French of Amiot, Cambridge, 1676, p. 368. [190] Ibid., tr. Langhorne. [191] Life of Sertorius, tr. Langhorne. [192] Ibid. [193] “Out of which materials he made up a legion.”--_Decline of the Roman Republic_, Vol. II. Chap. XVIII. p. 239. [194] Mr. Charles C. Hazewell, in an elaborate article, brought his rare acuteness and reading in reply to the critics. _Daily Evening Traveller_, October 19, 1861. [195] The _New York Herald_, in reproducing the letter, attributed it to Prince Napoleon. In like spirit, Maurice Sand, son of George Sand, who was in the suite of the Prince, in his _Six Mille Lieues à toute Vapeur_, in the _Revue des Deux Mondes_, 1862, Jan.-Fév., p. 686. [196] Lettres sur les États-Unis d’Amérique, par le Lieutenant-Colonel Ferri-Pisani, Aide-de-Camp de S. A. I. Prince Napoléon, pp. 121, 122. [197] Mr. Sumner insisted that the Union could be saved only through Freedom. [198] Strictly true, during the delivery of the speech.