[40] Earl Russell to Mr. Adams, April 16, 1863: Correspondence respecting Enlistment of British Subjects in the Federal Army, p. 2: Parliamentary Papers, 1863, Vol. LXXII. [41] Treaty of 1794, Art. 7. [42] Twee Gebroeders, 3 Robinson, R., 165. [43] Burlamaqui, Principles of Natural and Politic Law, tr. Nugent (London, 1763): Politic Law, Part IV. ch. 3, §§ 21, 22, pp. 255, 256. [44] Commentaries upon International Law (London, 1854), Vol. I. p. 231. [45] Lord Lyons to Earl Russell, January 13, 1863: Correspondence relating to the Civil War in the United States, p. 53: Parliamentary Papers, 1863, Vol. LXXII. [46] M. Prévost-Paradol, the eminent writer, and afterwards Minister of France at Washington, justifies this statement. “If the civil war,” says he, “had not broken out, or if the French Government had foreseen the final victory of the North and the reconstruction of the American power, never would the idea of founding a throne in Mexico by European arms have entered into its head.… The fall of the American Republic was, from the beginning of this great trouble, among the aspirations of the French Government, and its most accredited organs made no mystery of it.” Attributing to England the same desire and the same judgment on the probable issue of the war, the distinguished writer says the English Government simply waited events, “in a malevolent neutrality towards the North.”--KÉRATRY, _L’Elévation et la Chute de l’Empereur Maximilien_: Préface de Prévost-Paradol. [47] See, _ante_, p. 309. [48] Barbé-Marbois, Histoire de la Louisiane, p. 335. [49] From a despatch of Mr. Benjamin, the Rebel Secretary of State, it seems that the French Emperor embraced Texas in his Mexican plot. (Lawrence, Commentaire sur les Éléments du Droit International, Tom. II. p. 360, Part. II. ch. 1.) In European diplomatic circles it was reported that he had tried to seduce a prince of Portugal by tender of the throne of Mexico with the promise of Texas. [50] Flassan, Histoire de la Diplomatie Française, Tom. VII. p 125. [51] The Mexican crown was voted to the Archduke Maximilian by the Assembly of Notables, 10th July, 1863, and formally tendered to him at Miramar, 3d October, twenty-three days after this speech, but he did not enter the City of Mexico till 12th June, 1864. The new Empire was acknowledged by all the European powers. The United States refused to acknowledge it. The suppression of our Rebellion was followed by the withdrawal of the French troops, and the execution of Maximilian, who was condemned to death and shot by the Mexicans, 19th June, 1867. [52] Wicquefort, L’Ambassadeur et ses Fonctions, Liv. II. sec. 11. [53] Speech on the Treaty of Peace with America, April 11, 1815: Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates, Vol. XXX. col. 525. [54] L’Ambassadeur et ses Fonctions, Liv. II. sec. 4. [55] Vol. I. pp. 51-55. [56] Guizot, History of Oliver Cromwell (London, 1854), Vol. II. p. 210.