Charles Sumner: his complete works, volume 16 (of 20)Sumner, Charles
History
Charles Sumner: his complete works, volume 16 (of 20)
Sumner, Charles
Slavery -- United States; Speeches, addresses, etc., American
Looking at the scene in its political aspects, we behold one class
of disorders, and looking at it in its financial aspects, we behold
still another,--both together constituting a fearful sum-total,
where financial disorder mingles with political. Turn, first, to the
political, and you will see States, one after another, renouncing their
relations with the Nation, and constituting a new government, under
the name of Confederacy, with a new Constitution, making Slavery its
corner-stone,--all of which they sought to maintain by arms, while,
in aggravation of these perils, Foreign Powers gave ominous signs of
speedy recognition and support. Look next to the financial side, and
you will see business in some places entirely prostrate, in others
suddenly assuming new forms; immense interests destroyed; property
annihilated; the whole people turned from the thoughts of peace to
the thoughts of war; vast armies set on foot, in which the youthful
and strong were changed from producers to destroyers, while life
itself was consumed; an unprecedented taxation, commensurate with the
unprecedented exigency; and all this followed by the common incidents
of war in other countries and times,--first, the creation of a national
debt, and, secondly, the substitution of inconvertible paper as a
currency. In this catalogue of calamities, political and financial, who
shall say which was the worst? Certainly it is difficult to distinguish
between them. One grew out of the other, so that they belong together
and constitute one group, all derived ultimately from the Rebellion,
and directly depending upon it. So long as Slavery continued in arms,
each and all waxed in vastness; and now, so long as any of these
remain, they testify to this same unnatural crime. The tax-gatherer,
taking so much from honest industry, was born of the Rebellion.
Inconvertible paper, deranging the business of the country at home and
abroad, had the same monstrous birth. Our enormous taxation is only a
prolongation of the Rebellion. Every greenback is red with the blood of
fellow-citizens.
To repair these calamities, political and financial, the first stage
was the overthrow of the Rebellion in the field, thus enabling the
Nation to reduce its armaments, to arrest its accumulating debt, and
to cease anxiety on account of foreign intervention so constantly
menaced. Thus relieved, we were brought to a resting-place, and the
Nation found itself in condition to begin the work of restoration.
* * * * *
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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