Prison Discipline, I. 166. Separate system of, adopted by Pope Clement XI. and Howard, I. 167; II. 122; and by Pennsylvania, I. 169; II. 121. Horrors of solitary system of, I. 170; II. 119. Objects of, I. 172. Subject of, universally interesting, I. 181. Rival systems of, II. 104. Labors of Roscoe and Lafayette in, II. 120. Letter of De Tocqueville on, II. 148 (_note_). See _Auburn System_, _Boston Prison-Discipline Society_, _Pennsylvania System_, and _Prisons_. Prisoners of War, treatment of, XII. 74; Washington’s letter on same, XII. 76 _et seq._ Instructions of Secretary of War on exchange of, XII. 90. Prisons, and prison discipline, article on, I. 163. Miss Dix’s book on, I. 163. In 18th century, II. 118. King of Sweden’s book on, II. 136. Private Wars in Dark Ages, I. 35; II. 343, 345; XVIII. 180. Forbidden by John and Louis XI. of France, II. 344,--and by Maximilian, Emperor of Germany, II. 345; XVIII. 181, 242. Renounced by German Confederation, XVIII. 181, 242. Privateering, proposition of Congress of Paris for abolishing, VIII. 76. Mode of effectively abolishing, VIII. 76. Abolition of, proposed by United States, VIII. 77. J. Q. Adams on, VIII. 77; IX. 290. Dangerous to United States, IX. 287. Authorities on, IX. 287-289. Early denounced by United States, IX. 289-291. Privateers, substitute for, IX. 279, 292 _et seq._, 298 _et seq._, 315. Useless against Rebellion, IX. 281, 314. Evils of, IX. 282-284, 314. Jefferson on, X. 136. Prize Courts, IX. 49. Example of their exclusive jurisdiction, IX. 50-52. Authorities declaring necessity of, X. 129-131; British precedent showing same, X. 135. Prize Money, policy of, IX. 148. Proclamation of Emancipation, speech on the, IX. 191. Letters on, IX. 247; X. 259; XII. 60. Lord Russell on, X. 20. Adoption of, by Act of Congress, XI. 397. Cannot be withdrawn, XI. 429-431, 474-476. Lincoln’s issue of, XII. 265. Its constitutionality defended, XII. 265, 266. Influence of, XII. 285 _et seq._