Again, it is virtually certain that the poem of the "Canterbury Tales"
was left in an unfinished and partially unconnected condition, and it
is altogether uncertain whether Chaucer had finally determined upon
maintaining or modifying the scheme originally indicated by him in the
"Prologue." There can accordingly be no necessity for working out a
scheme into which everything that he has left belonging to the
"Canterbury Tales" may most easily and appropriately fit. Yet the
labour is by no means lost of such inquiries as those which have with
singular zeal been prosecuted concerning the several problems that have
to be solved before such a scheme can be completed. Without a review
of the evidence it would however be preposterous to pronounce on the
proper answer to be given to the questions: what were the number of
tales and that of tellers ultimately designed by Chaucer; what was the
order in which he intended the "Tales" actually written by him to
stand; and what was the plan of the journey of his pilgrims, as to the
localities of its stages and as to the time occupied by it--whether one
day for the fifty-six miles from London to Canterbury (which is by no
means impossible), or two days (which seems more likely), or four. The
route of the pilgrimage must have been one in parts of which it is
pleasant even now to dally, when the sweet spring flowers are in bloom
which Mr. Boughton has painted for lovers of the poetry of English
landscape.
There are one or two other points which should not be overlooked in
considering the "Canterbury Tales" as a whole. It has sometimes been
assumed as a matter of course that the plan of the work was borrowed
from Boccaccio. If this means that Chaucer owed to the "Decamerone"
the idea of including a number of stories in the framework of a single
narrative, it implies too much. For this notion, a familiar one in the
East, had long been known to Western Europe by the numerous versions of
the terribly ingenious story of the "Seven Wise Masters" (in the
progress of which the unexpected never happens), as well as by similar
collections of the same kind. And the special connexion of this device
with a company of pilgrims might, as has been well remarked, have been
suggested to Chaucer by an English book certainly within his ken, the
"Vision concerning Piers Plowman," where in the "fair field full of
folk" are assembled among others "pilgrims and palmers who went forth
on their way" to St. James of Compostella and to saints at Rome "with
many wise tales"--("and had leave to lie all their life after"). But
even had Chaucer owed the idea of his plan to Boccaccio, he would not
thereby have incurred a heavy debt to the Italian novelist. There is
nothing really dramatic in the schemes of the "Decamerone" or of the
numerous imitations which it called forth, from the French "Heptameron"
and the Neapolitan "Pentamerone" down to the German "Phantasus." It is
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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