'Sub molli pastore capit lanam lupus, et grex Incustoditus dilaceratur eo.' 117. _The doctour_, i. e. the teacher; viz. St. Augustine. (There is here no reference whatever to the 'Doctor' or 'Phisicien' who is supposed to tell the tale.) In the margin of MSS. E. Hn. is written 'Augustinus'; and the matter is put beyond doubt by a passage in the Persones Tale, l. 484:--'and, after the word of seint Augustin, it [Envye] is sorwe of other mannes wele, and Ioye of othere mennes harm.' See note to l. 484. The same idea is exactly reproduced in P. Plowman, B. v. 112, 113. Cf. 'Inuidus alterius macrescit rebus opimis'; Horace, Epist. i. 2. 57. 135. From Le Roman, l. 5620-3; see vol. iii. p. 436. 140. _cherl_, dependant. It is remarkable that, throughout the story, MSS. E. Hn. and Cm. have _cherl_, but the rest have _clerk_. In ll. 140, 142, 153, 164, the Camb. MS. is deficient; but it at once gives the reading _cherl_ in l. 191, and subsequently. Either reading might serve; in Le Roman, l. 5614, the dependant is called 'son serjant'; and in l. 5623, he is called 'Li _ribaus_,' i. e. the ribald, which Chaucer Englishes by _cherl_. But when we come to C. 289, the MSS. gives us the choice of 'fals _cherl_' and 'cursed _theef_'; very few have _clerk_ (like MS. Sloane 1685). Cf. vol. iii. p. 437. 153, 154. The 'churl's' name was Marcus Claudius, and the 'judge' was 'Appius Claudius.' Chaucer simply follows Jean de Meun, who calls the judge _Apius_; and speaks of the churl as '_Claudius_ li chalangieres' in l. 5675. [264] 165. Cf. Le Roman, l. 5623-7; see vol. iii. p. 436. 168-9. From Le Roman, 5636-8, as above. 174. The first foot is defective; read--Thou | shalt have | al, &c. _al right_, complete justice. MS. Cm. has _alle_. 184. Cf. Le Roman, l. 5628-33. 203. From Le Roman, 5648-54. 207-253. The whole of this fine passage appears to be original. There is no hint of it in Le Roman de la Rose, except as regards l. 225, where Le Roman (l. 5659) has:--'Car il par amors, sans haïne.' We may compare the farewell speech of Virginius to his daughter in Webster's play of Appius and Virginia, Act iv. sc. 1. 240. _Iepte_, Jephtha; in the Vulgate, _Jephte_. See Judges, xi. 37, 38. MSS. E. Hn. have in the margin--'fuit illo tempore Jephte Galaandes' [_error for_ Galaadites]. This reference by Virginia to the book of Judges is rather startling; but such things are common enough in old authors, especially in our dramatists. 255. Here Chaucer returns to Le Roman, 5660-82. The rendering is pretty close down to l. 276. 280. _Agryse of_, shudder at; 'nor in what kind of way the worm of conscience may shudder because of (the man's) wicked life'; cf. 'of pitee gan agryse,' B. 614. When _agryse_ is used with _of_, it is commonly passive, not intransitive; see examples in Mätzner and in the New E. Dictionary. Cf. _been afered_, i. e. be scared, in l. 284. 'Vermis conscientiae tripliciter lacerabit'; Innocent III., De Contemptu Mundi, l. iii. c. 2.