Chaucerian and Other Pieces: Being a Supplement to the Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer
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Chaucerian and Other Pieces: Being a Supplement to the Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer
Chaucer, Geoffrey, -1400
The thirde spece turneth in-to reson of understanding; al
thinges to be sayd soth and discussed; and that in two thinges is
devyded. Oon is art, another is rethorike; in whiche two al 80
lawes of mans reson ben grounded or els maintayned.
And for this book is of LOVE, and therafter bereth his name,
and philosophie and lawe muste here-to acorden by their clergial
discripcions, as: philosophie for love of wisdom is declared, lawe
for mainteynaunce of pees is holden: and these with love must 85
nedes acorden; therfore of hem in this place have I touched.
Ordre of homly thinges and honest maner of livinge in vertue,
with rightful jugement in causes and profitable administracion in
comminaltees of realmes and citees, by evenhed profitably to
raigne, nat by singuler avauntage ne by privè envy, ne by soleyn 90
purpos in covetise of worship or of goodes, ben disposed in open
rule shewed, by love, philosophy, and lawe, and yet love, toforn
al other. Wherfore as sustern in unitè they accorden, and oon
ende, that is, pees and rest, they causen norisshinge; and in the
joye maynteynen to endure. 95
Now than, as I have declared: my book acordeth with discripcion
of three thinges; and the Margarit in vertue is lykened
to Philosophy, with her three speces. In whiche maters ever
twey ben acordaunt with bodily reson, and the thirde with the
soule. But in conclusion of my boke and of this Margarite-perle 100
in knittinge togider, Lawe by three sondrye maners shal be lykened;
that is to saye, lawe, right, and custome, whiche I wol declare.
Al that is lawe cometh of goddes ordinaunce, by kyndly worching;
and thilke thinges ordayned by mannes wittes arn y-cleped right,
which is ordayned by many maners and in constitucion written. 105
But custome is a thing that is accepted for right or for lawe,
there-as lawe and right faylen; and there is no difference, whether
it come of scripture or of reson. Wherfore it sheweth, that lawe
is kyndly governaunce; right cometh out of mannes probable
reson; and custome is of commen usage by length of tyme 110
used; and custome nat writte is usage; and if it be writte,
constitucion it is y-written and y-cleped. But lawe of kynde is
commen to every nation, as conjunccion of man and woman in
love, succession of children in heritance, restitucion of thing
by strength taken or lent; and this lawe among al other halt 115
the soveraynest gree in worship; whiche lawe began at the
beginning of resonable creature; it varied yet never for no
chaunging of tyme. Cause, forsothe, in ordayning of lawe was to
constrayne mens hardinesse in-to pees, and withdrawing his yvel
wil, and turning malice in-to goodnesse; and that innocence 120
sikerly, withouten teneful anoye, among shrewes safely might
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