Children's Ways: Being selections from the author's "Studies of childhood," with some additional matterSully, James
Science
Children's Ways: Being selections from the author's "Studies of childhood," with some additional matter
Sully, James
Child development; Child psychology
In process of time, however, what we call the conscious self, that which
thinks and suffers and wills, comes to be dimly discerned. It is
probable that a real advance towards this true self-consciousness takes
place towards the end of the third year, when the difficult forms of
language, "I," "me," "mine," commonly come to be used with intelligence.
This is borne out by the following story: A little girl of three lying
in bed shut her eyes and said: "Mother, you can't see me now". The
mother replied: "Oh, you little goose, I can see you but you can't see
me". To which she rejoined: "Oh, yes, I know you can see _my body_,
mother, but you can't see _me_". The "me" here was, I suppose, the
expression of the inner self through the eyes. The same child at about
the same age was concerned as to the reality of her own existence. One
day playing with her dolls she asked her mother: "Mother, am _I_ real,
or only a pretend like my dolls?"
The first thought about self as something existing apart from all that
is seen is apt to be very perplexing to the thoughtful child. As one
lady puts it, writing to me of her childish experience: "The power of
feeling and acting and moving about myself, under the guidance of some
internal self, amazed me continually".
As may be seen by this quotation, the first thought about self is
greatly occupied with its action on the body. Among the many things
that puzzled one much-questioning little lad already quoted was this:
"How do my thoughts come down from my brain to my mouth: and how does my
spirit make my legs walk?" A girl in her fifth year wanted to know how
it is we can move our arm and keep it still when we want to, while the
curtain can't move except somebody moves it.
_The Unreachable Past._
Very curious are the directions of the first thought about the past
self. The idea of what we call personal identity does not appear to be
fully reached at first; the little boy already quoted who referred to
his past self by saying, "when I was a little girl," must have had a
very hazy idea of his sameness with that small petticoated person. It
would seem, indeed, as if a child found it easy to dissociate his
present self from his past, to deny all kinship with it.
The difficulty to the child of conceiving of his remote past, is
surpassed by that of trying to understand the state of things before he
was born. The true mystery of birth for the child, the mystery which
fascinates and holds his mind, is that of his beginning to be. This is
illustrated in the question of a little boy: "Where was I a hundred
years ago? Where was I before I was born?" It remains a mystery for all
of us, only that after a time we are wont to put it aside.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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