Porcelain -- Collectors and collecting -- United States; Pottery -- Collectors and collecting -- United States
Mr. Prime, in his book, gives the information that there were “some
undoubted specimens of the work deposited in the Franklin Institute on
exhibition.” I do not know where those specimens now are. A pair of
vases at the H. L. D. Lewis sale in Philadelphia, in December, 1890,
were catalogued as having been made at this first porcelain manufactory.
There is no existing record of the fact that they were produced there,
and no stamp or mark to prove it, and I do not know why they were thus
assigned. They were purchased by the Mount Vernon Association for
eighteen dollars each, and can now be seen in Washington’s old home.
They stand ten inches in height, are flat in shape, about six inches in
diameter, have gilded griffin handles and polished gilt faces, and are
decorated with highly colored views of naval battles. They have an
interest to all collectors as being specimens of the first china factory
in America, as well as from the fact that they were early ornaments of
Mount Vernon.
Philadelphia seems to have taken and kept the lead in the manufacture of
porcelain in America, or else we are more fortunate in having the
records of Philadelphia pot-works preserved for us. The Pennsylvania
Society for the Encouragement of Manufactures offered in 1787, a “plate
of gold to the value of twenty dollars,” as a prize for the “best
specimen of Pennsylvania-made earthen ware approaching the nearest in
quality to the delft white stone or queen’s ware,” and an equal prize
for the best salt-glazed ware; and in 1792 a prize of $50 for similar
ware. In 1808 Alexander Trotter exhibited at Peale’s Museum, in
Philadelphia, some of the articles manufactured at his Columbian
Pottery, which was situated on South Street, between Twelfth and
Thirteenth Streets, in that city, while the warehouse was at No. 66
North Second Street. This business continued until 1813. The proprietor
advertised “tea and coffee-pots, pitchers, jugs, wine-coolers, basins,
ewers, and baking dishes;” and it was also stated that an “elegant jug
and goblets from the queen’s ware manufactory” were used at the
Republican dinner on July 4, 1808, at Philadelphia. This ware was
similar to the Staffordshire stone wares. In the same year a firm named
Binney & Ronaldson made in South Street, in Philadelphia, red and yellow
teapots, coffee-pots, and sugar-boxes. At the beginning of the century
D. Freytag advertised that, at 192 South 5th Street, Philadelphia, he
would decorate piece china with gold and silver; hence he must have had
a kiln for firing. In the year 1800 a pottery, called the “Washington
Pottery,” was established by John Mullawney on the north side of Market
Street, near Schuylkill South, in the same city. The productions were
called “Washington ware,” and consisted of pitchers, coffee-pots,
teapots, cream-pots, sugar-boxes, wash-basins, bowls, etc. It was
carried on by the same proprietor until 1816, and was in operation for
many years after.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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