Porcelain -- Collectors and collecting -- United States; Pottery -- Collectors and collecting -- United States
There were imported to America in great quantities, as is shown by many
eighteenth-century advertisements, “tortoise-shell” and “combed pattern”
wares, also the pretty cauliflower, melon, and pineapple wares that have
been reproduced in our own day. These were manufactured chiefly at
Little Fenton by Thomas Whieldon, a man who influenced much the potters’
art in England from the year 1740 to 1780, during five of which years he
was a partner with Wedgwood. There are only two specimens of these wares
in the Museum of Practical Geology, and Mr. Jewitt wrote in 1873: “These
wares are now very scarce and are highly and deservedly prized by
collectors.” At the time he wrote he could have gathered in America
scores, even hundreds, of pieces of the Whieldon wares for English
collections. Dr. Irving Lyon, of Hartford, has a fine collection of them
which he picked up in the cottages of the Connecticut Valley—a
collection which any English china-lover would envy.
Whieldon was a man of great energy, with a practical knowledge of his
art, and he spent much time in his works perfecting his patterns and
processes. He compounded the bright green glaze so admirable in his
ware, shown so beautifully in the cauliflower and melon patterns,
through the contrast with the cream color. He also was a modeller, and
from the imitation of leaves, and fruits, and vegetables derived his
best-known and most successful patterns, and the novelty and ingenuity
of many of them charm us even in the present day. The bird and animal
shapes being grotesque rather than useful, seldom came to America. I
have seen here, however, several tortoise-shell cows and one combed
bird. The tail of the cow forms the handle of the pitcher, the liquid
being poured from the nose. Reproductions of these are now made at
Jeffords Pottery in Philadelphia. Little cradles and posy-holders, too,
are found, sometimes with dates. Whieldon’s two-handled “parting-cups,”
ornamented with raised grapes, leaves, and tendrils and a head of
Bacchus, are much more scarce than the melon and cauliflower teapots,
mugs, and dishes; and his perforated ware I have never seen in America.
Some of the pieces of his manufacture are stamped and afterward shaped
somewhat by hand, others are cast, others pressed in moulds. The “cast”
pieces are considered to be of earlier date, and may be known by their
being thinner and more delicate than the moulded ones. The mottled
browns, greens, and yellows of the tortoise-shell and combed wares, like
all of Whieldon’s decorations, are under the glaze, and are very rich in
tone, forming a delightful bit of color in cupboard or cabinet.
Occasionally a purple mottle is seen. The colors were sponged, floured,
or blown on, painting and printing on pottery being then unknown. These
pieces of Whieldon’s are all unmarked, and doubtless many specimens in
America came from the Wedgwood factory, for similar wares were made
there.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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