The new representative assemblies have necessitated the introduction of shorthand in China. The Tsze Chen Yuan (National Assembly) in session at Peking as early as August, 1911, ordered night classes to be opened for learning the art, so that the civil service clerks might attend. I know that missionaries, helpless in committing to paper accurately the sounds of the scores of Lolo, Miaotsze, and other dialects in Yunnan, Szechuen and Kweichou provinces (where aborigines abound) have had recourse effectually to phonography. If the brilliant Dickens, John Hay, the American secretary of state, who founded the policy of “non-partition of China,” and many others, were phonographers, why might a missionary not be one also! Some of the educational proverbs of the Chinese are the following: “A lion breeds lions, and a brave father has brave sons.” “Learn easy, forget easy; learn hard, forget hard.” “Life is a river; if you are not going forward on it, you are falling behind.” “Youth jumps and slips; age picks its steps and crosses safely.” “Measure words by the height of the brain, not the height of the body.” “A loose rein for a good head; a tight rein for a loose heart.” “Faces are alike, but minds are myriad.” “It takes longer to determine than to do.” “Fate doesn’t plan the lot of a fool.” “The mind chisels the face.” “It isn’t far at the turn of two roads, but they end far apart.” “With weeds, and with learning, get at the root.” “Nothing that is human is alien to a good man’s interest.” “He who has no ambition is like an ax without edge.” “Moments are more precious than jewels, for the first can not be recovered if lost; the second may be found.” “A right beginning makes a proper ending.” “A tight mouth keeps back much mischief.” “Heaven never put a bar against resource.” “When you know yourself thoroughly, you know everyone else.” “Prejudice is the thief of persuasion.” “Two things strangle, the tongue and the cord.” “Be as cross to yourself as you are to others; be as sweet to others as you are to yourself.” “Never too great to learn.” “The last step must be as steady as the first in climbing a hill.” “The downy chin goes over it; the bristly chin goes round it; or, the young head for the long jump, and the old head for the long thought.” “Good gives the tangible, evil but the shadows.” “If you insist on every one being like you, look nowhere but in your mirror.” XIX NOTES ON CHINESE LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE