Chinese pottery and porcelain; vol. 1. Pottery and early waresHobson, R. L. (Robert Lockhart)
History
Chinese pottery and porcelain; vol. 1. Pottery and early wares
Hobson, R. L. (Robert Lockhart)
Porcelain, Chinese; Pottery, Chinese
Literary references of this kind are open to so many inferences that their
value is slight without some tangible specimen to help us to realise their
import. This difficulty is greatly increased in dealing with Chinese
descriptions because of the ambiguity of Chinese colour words, which is
discussed elsewhere. But in the case of Yüeh Chou ware, or at any rate
of one kind of it, we have an important clue in another Chinese work.
Hsü Ching, who accompanied the Chinese Ambassador to Corea in 1125, in a
description of the Corean wares, makes the remark that "the rest of them
have a general likeness to the old _pi sê_ ware of Yüeh Chou and the new
Ju Chou ware."[69] Fortunately, we can speak with considerable confidence
of the Corean wares of this time, many examples of which have been taken
from the tombs of the period. The British Museum has a fair number of
examples, quite enough to show the typical Corean glaze, a soft grey green
celadon of decidedly bluish tint, a thick smooth glaze often of great
delicacy and beauty of tone.
In view of this the colour of the Yüeh bowls, the blue-green of the hills,
is easily visualised. But China boasts so many makes of celadon[70] that
he would be a bold man who would single out any one piece and say this
is Yüeh ware. Among the numerous specimens of celadon which have reached
Europe from various sources it is far from improbable that some were baked
in the Yüeh kilns, but at present, alas, we are impotent to identify them.
The author of the _Ching-tê Chên t´ao lu_[71] places the Hsing Chou
factory at the modern Hsing-t´ai Hsien, a dependency of Shun-tê Fu, in
Chihli. Little else is recorded about the white Hsing ware beyond a
general statement in the annals of the T´ang dynasty[72] that the "white
ware (_tz´ŭ_) cups of Nei Ch´iu were used by rich and poor throughout the
empire." Nei Ch´iu, it should be explained, is identified as a township
in the Hsing Chou. We may add that the ware of both Yüeh Chou and Hsing
Chou was used for "musical cups" by Kuo Tao-yüan.[73] One of the criteria
which the Chinese recognise in distinguishing ordinary pottery from the
finer wares of a porcellanous nature is the note emitted by the ware when
smartly tapped with the finger, and we may fairly infer that any bowls
which were suitable for use as musical chimes would be of a sonorous, hard
fired material if not actually porcelain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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