Chinese pottery and porcelain; vol. 1. Pottery and early waresHobson, R. L. (Robert Lockhart)
History
Chinese pottery and porcelain; vol. 1. Pottery and early wares
Hobson, R. L. (Robert Lockhart)
Porcelain, Chinese; Pottery, Chinese
As for the finer Ko wares, which appear to have been indistinguishable
from the Kuan, we may look for them in the group described on p. 65,
and in such beautiful pieces as that illustrated on Plate 19, a vase
of fine oval form with delicate grey glaze of faint bluish tone boldly
crackled. The solid quality of the glaze of this last specimen and the
texture of the surface, which is smooth but lustrous, suggest some natural
substance such as the shell of an egg or a smooth polished stone rather
than an artificial material. The colour perhaps more truly answers the
description "egg white" (_luan pai_) than any other Sung glaze which I
have seen. Plate 20 illustrates another choice example but with a yellower
tone of glaze; and a large square vase in the Freer Collection[147] with
thick, misty grey glaze showing a faint tinge of red, which recall the
_sê ch´ing tai fên hung_ of the Kuan ware, was shown in the New York
exhibition of 1914. All these three specimens have a dark reddish brown
body of fine close grain, and their glaze is very thick and unctuous with
a tendency to contract into thick wax-like drops under the base.
From certain passages in the Chinese works it appears that a revival of
the Ko yao took place in the Yüan dynasty, if indeed the manufacture
had not been continuous. The _Ko ku yao lun_, for instance, under the
heading of Ko yao, states that the "ware recently made at the end of
the Yüan dynasty was coarse and dry in body and inferior in colour." In
the _Po wu yao lan_[148] we read that "certain Ko wares made in private
factories took their clay from the Phœnix Hill" (at Hang Chou, where the
Kuan potteries were located), and the _T´ao lu_[149] definitely states
that clay was brought from Hang Chou for this later Ko ware. Add to these
the remark in the _Ko ku yao lun_ on the subject of Kuan ware[150]--"all
the imitations which are made at Lung-ch´üan are without crackle"--and
it is clear that the Lung-ch´üan potters in the fourteenth century were
busy copying both the Kuan and Ko wares, and that to obtain a closer
resemblance to the former they actually sent to Hang Chou for the red clay
which would produce the "brown mouth and iron foot." The alleged absence
of crackle would indicate a departure from the original Ko methods, but
we are at liberty to doubt the universal application of such sweeping
statements, and I ventured to suggest[151] that a remarkable bowl in the
British Museum was a Yüan example of Ko ware, because, in spite of its Ko
crackle, it corresponds so closely to the other points in the descriptions
of this make. In any case, there is little doubt that it belongs to an
early period of manufacture.
[Illustration: PLATE 20.
Deep Bowl of reddish brown stoneware with thick, boldly crackled glaze. Ko
ware of the Sung dynasty.
Height (without stand) 4 inches. _Eumorfopoulos Collection._
]
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