Chinese pottery and porcelain; vol. 2. Ming and Ch'ing PorcelainHobson, R. L. (Robert Lockhart)
History
Chinese pottery and porcelain; vol. 2. Ming and Ch'ing Porcelain
Hobson, R. L. (Robert Lockhart)
Porcelain, Chinese; Pottery, Chinese
To add to the difficulties experienced by the potters in satisfactorily
fulfilling the Imperial demands, it had been reported in 1583 that
the supplies of earth from Ma-ts’ang were practically worked out, and
though good material was found at Wu-mên-t’o, which is also in the
district of Fu-liang, the distance for transport was greater, and as
the price was not correspondingly raised the supply from this source
was difficult to maintain. Consequently we are not surprised to learn
that in this same year another memorial was forwarded to the emperor by
one of the supervising censors, Wang Ching-min, asking for alleviation
of the palace orders, and protesting specifically against the demands
for candlesticks, screens, brush handles, and chess apparatus as
unnecessarily extravagant. It was urged at the same time that blue
decoration should be substituted for polychrome, and that pierced work
(_ling lung_) should not be required, the objection to both these
processes being that they were difficult to execute and meretricious in
effect.
It is stated in the _T’ao lu_[149] that the supply of Mohammedan blue
had ceased completely in the reign of Wan Li, and that on the other
hand the _chi hung_ or underglaze copper red was made, though it was
not equal in quality to the _hsien hung_ or _pao shih hung_[150] of
the earlier periods. Both these assertions are based on the somewhat
uncertain authority of the _T’ang shih ssŭ k’ao_, and though the
truth of the second is shown by existing specimens, the first is only
partially true, for there are marked examples of Mohammedan blue in the
British Museum and probably elsewhere. Either there were supplies of
the Mohammedan material in hand at the beginning of the reign, or they
continued to arrive for part at least of the period.
The lists of porcelain supplied to the Court of Wan Li may be consulted
with advantage, and the extracts from those of the previous reigns may
be supplemented by the following, which, though not necessarily new
forms and designs, do not appear in the Chia Ching and Lung Ch’ing
records:--
=Forms.=
Trays for wine cups (_pei p’an_).[151]
Beaker-shaped[152] vases (_hu p’ing_ [chch 2]).
Flat-backed wall vases in the form of a double gourd split vertically.
Chess boards (_ch’i p’an_).
Hanging oil lamps[2] (_ch’ing t’ai_ [chch 2]).
Pricket candlesticks (_chu t’ai_). See _Cat. B. F. A._, 1910, E 6: a
pricket candlestick with cloud and dragon designs in blue and the Wan
Li mark.
Jars for candle snuff (_chien chu kuan_).
Screens (_p’ing_).
Brush handles (_pi kuan_).
Brush rests (_pi chia_).
Brush pots (_pi ch’ung_). Apparently the cylindrical jars usually
known as _pi t’ung_.
Fan cases (_shan hsia_).
Water droppers for the ink pallet (_yen shui ti_).
Betel-nut boxes (_pin lang lu_).
Handkerchief boxes (_chin lu_).
Hat boxes (_kuan lu_).
Cool seats (_liang tun_), for garden use in summer.
=Motives for Painted Decoration.=
_Floral, etc.:_
Lily flowers (_hsüan hua_).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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