51. #E. H. Meyer, "Mythologie der Germanen"# (Strassburg, 1903), 424; Golther, 491; Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 22 f. 52. Golther, 493. 53. Meyer, 425 f. 54. _Ibid._ 425 f. 55. Grimm, iii. 925 f. 56. _Ibid._ i. 268, 275 f. 57. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 22. 58. Grimm, i. 275; Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 23. 59. _Ibid._ 23. 60. Meyer, 425; Grimm, i. 281. 61. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 21. 62. Golther, 493. 63. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 24. 64. Grimm, i. 274. 65. Meyer, 428. 66. #R. H. Busk, "The Valleys of Tirol"# (London, 1874), 116. 67. _Ibid._ 118. 68. _Ibid._ 417. 69. The details given about the _Kallikantzaroi_ are taken, unless otherwise stated, from Lawson, 190 f. 70. Abbott, 74. 71. Hamilton, 108 f. 72. _Ibid._ 109. 73. Abbott, 218. 74. _Ibid._ 73 f. 75. Meyer, 85 f. 76. #G. Henderson, "Survivals of Belief among the Celts"# (Glasgow, 1911), 178. 77. _Ibid._ 177. 78. #F. H. E. Palmer, "Russian Life In Town and Country"# (London, 1901), 178. CHAPTER X.--THE YULE LOG 1. Evans, 221 f.; Mannhardt, "Baumkultus," 224 f. Cf. the account of the Servian Christmas in #Chedo Mijatovitch, "Servia and the Servians"# (London, 1908), 98 f. 2. Same sources. |379| 3. Mannhardt, "Baumkultus," 236. 4. Frazer, "Magic Art," ii. 208. 5. _Ibid._ ii. 232. 6. Evans, 219, 295, and 357. 7. _Ibid._ 222. 8. Mannhardt, "Baumkultus," 237. 9. Cf. Frazer, "Magic Art," ii. 233. 10. _Ibid._ ii. 365 f. 11. Mannhardt, "Baumkultus," 226 f. 12. #"Memoirs of Mistral"# (Eng. Trans. by C. E. Maud, London, 1907), 29 f. 13. Mannhardt, "Baumkultus," 226 f. 14. Sebillot, 218. 15. #A. de Gubernatis, "Storia Comparata degli Usi Natalizi"# (Milan, 1878), 112. 16. C. Casati in _Archivio trad. pop._, vol. vi. 168 f. 17. Jahn, 253. 18. _Ibid._ 254. 19. _Ibid._ 257. 20. Brand, 245; Dyer, 466. 21. #[Sir] G. L. Gomme, "Folk Lore Relics of Early Village Life"# (London 1883), 99. 22. Ashton, 111. 23. Burne and Jackson, 402. 24. _Ibid._ 398 f. 25. _Notes and Queries_, 1st Series, vol. iv. 309; Dyer, 446 f. 26. #"The Gentleman's Magazine,"# 1790, 719. 27. Hampson, i. 109. 28. Feilberg, i. 118 f. 29. _Ibid._ i. 146. 30. _Ibid._ ii. 66 f. CHAPTER XI.--THE CHRISTMAS-TREE, DECORATIONS, AND GIFTS 1. #I. A. R. Wylie, "My German Year"# (London, 1910), 68. 2. #Mrs. A. Sidgwick, "Home Life in Germany"# (London, 1908), 176. 3. Tille, "D. W.," 258. For the history and associations of the Christmas-tree see also #E. M. Kronfeld, "Der Weihnachtsbaum"# (Oldenburg, 1906). 4. Tille, "D. W.," 259. 5. _Ibid._ 261. 6. _Ibid._ 261 f. 7. #G. Rietschel, "Weihnachten in Kirche, Kunst und Volksleben"# (Bielefeld and Leipsic, 1902), 153. 8. _Ibid._, 153. 9. Tille, "D. W.," 270. 10. Rietschel, 151. 11. _Ibid._ 151. 12. Tille, "D. W.," 267. |380| 13. Dyer, 442; E. M. Leather, #"The Folk-Lore of Herefordshire"# (London, 1912), 90. 14. Rietschel, 154. 15. Ashton, 189. 16. _Ibid._ 190.