Chuang Tzu: Mystic, Moralist, and Social ReformerZhuangzi
Religion
Chuang Tzu: Mystic, Moralist, and Social Reformer
Zhuangzi
Ethics -- China; Philosophy, Chinese
"Kindly tell me by what thoughts, by what cogitations, may TAO be
known? By resting in what, by according in what, may TAO be approached?
By following what, by pursuing what, may TAO be attained?"
To these three questions, Do-nothing Say-nothing returned no answer.
Not that he would not answer, but that he could not. So when Knowledge
got no reply, he turned round and went off to the south of the White
Water and up the Ku-chüeh Mountain, where he saw All-in-extremes, and
to him he put the same questions.
"Ha!" cried All-in-extremes, "I know. I will tell you...."
But just as he was about to speak he forgot what he wanted to say. So
when Knowledge got no reply, he went back to the palace and asked the
Yellow Emperor. The latter said, "By no thoughts, by no cogitations,
TAO may be known. By resting in nothing, by according in nothing, TAO
may be approached. By following nothing, by pursuing nothing, TAO may
be attained."
Then Knowledge said to the Yellow Emperor, "Now you and I know this,
but those two know it not. Who is right?"
"Of those two," replied the Yellow Emperor, "Do-nothing Say-nothing
is genuinely right, and All-in-extremes is near. You and I are wholly
wrong. Those who understand it do not speak about it, those who speak
about it do not understand it.
These words occur in the _Tao-Tê-Ching_, ch. vi. See also _ante_, p.
170.
Therefore the Sage teaches a doctrine which does not find expression in
words.
See _ante_, ch. v. Also _The Remains of Lao Tzŭ_, p. 7.
TAO cannot be made to come. Virtue cannot be reached.
Virtue (TÊ), here the exemplification of TAO.
Charity can be evoked. Duty to one's neighbour can be wrongly directed.
Ceremonies are mere shams.
"Therefore it has been said, 'If TAO perishes, then TÊ will perish. If
TÊ perishes, then charity will perish. If charity perishes, then duty
to one's neighbour will perish. If duty to one's neighbour perishes,
then ceremonies will perish. Ceremonies are but a showy ornament of
TAO, while oft-times the source of trouble.'
The above is from the _Tao-Tê-Ching_, ch. xxxviii. It is interesting
to note how the Yellow Emperor annihilates time by quoting a work not
written until many centuries after his date.
"Therefore it has been said, 'Those who practise TAO suffer daily loss.
If that loss proceeds until inaction ensues, then by that very inaction
there is nothing which cannot be done.'
Also in the _Tao-Tê-Ching_, ch. xlviii.
"Now, we are already beings. And if we desire to revert to our original
condition, how difficult that is! 'Tis a change to which only the
greatest among us are equal.
"Life follows upon death. Death is the beginning of life. Who knows
when the end is reached? The life of man results from convergence of
the vital fluid. Its convergence is life; its dispersion, death. If
then life and death are but consecutive states, what need have I to
complain?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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