and wrote gigantic chronological works and numerous violent polemics against Calvinists and Jansenists. His chief work is the unfinished patristic-dogmatic treatise in five vols. folio, A.D. 1680, “_De theologicis Dogmatibus_.” The Oratorian =Thomassinus= wrote an able archæological work: “_Vetus et Nova Eccl. Disciplina circa Beneficia et Beneficiarios_.” § 158.2. In church history, besides those named in § 5, 2, we may mention Pagi, the keen critic and corrector of Baronius. The study of sources was vigorously pursued. We have collections of mediæval writings and documents by Sirmond, D’Achery, Mabillon, Martène, Baluzius; of acts of councils by Labbé and Cossart, those of France by =Jac. Sirmond=, and of Spain by Aguirre; acts of the martyrs by =Ruinart=; monastic rules by =Holstenius=, a pervert, who became Vatican librarian, and died at Rome A.D. 1661. =Dufresne Ducange=, an advocate, who died in A.D. 1688, wrote glossaries of the mediæval and barbarous Latin and Greek, indispensable for the study of documents belonging to those times. The greatest prodigy of learning was =Mabillon=, who died in A.D. 1707, a Benedictine of St. Maur, and historian of his order. =Pet. de Marca=, who died Archbishop of Paris A.D. 1662, wrote the famous work on the Gallican liberties “_De Concordia Sacerdotii et Imperii_.” The Jansenist doctor of the Sorbonne, =Elias du Pin=, who died A.D. 1719, wrote “_Nouvelle Bibliothèque des Auteurs Eccles._” in forty-seven vols. The Jesuit Maimbourg, died A.D. 1686, compiled several party histories of Wiclifism, Lutheranism, and Calvinism; but as a Gallican was deprived of office by the pope, and afterwards supported by a royal pension. The Antwerp Jesuits Bolland, Henschen, Papebroch started, in A.D. 1643, the gigantic work “_Acta Sanctorum_,” carried on by the learned members of their order in Belgium, known as =Bollandists=. It was stopped by the French invasion of A.D. 1794, when it had reached October 15th with the fifty-third folio vol. The Belgian Jesuits continued the work from A.D. 1845-1867, reaching in six vols. the end of October, but not displaying the ability and liberality of their predecessors. In Venice =Paul Sarpi= (§ 155, 2) wrote a history of the Tridentine Council, one of the most brilliant historical works of any period. =Leo Allatius=, a Greek convert at Rome, who died in A.D. 1669, wrote a work to show the agreement of the Eastern and Western churches. Cardinal =Bona= distinguished himself as a liturgical writer.--In France pulpit eloquence reached the highest pitch in such men as Flechier, Bossuet, Bourdaloue, Fénelon, Massillon, and Bridaine. In Vienna =Abraham à St. Clara= inveighed in a humorous, grotesque way against the corruption of manners, with an undercurrent of deep moral earnestness. Similar in style and spirit, but much more deeply sunk in Catholic superstition, was his contemporary