In 1777 the committee of the American people known as the Second Continental Congress proposed a union of states or political entities and a general government to govern states but not to interfere directly with the human freedom of the individual. Because there is a vital distinction between the ability to govern states and the ability to interfere with individual freedom, those Americans knew that states or political entities could make _federal_ Articles but that only citizens could ever validly make _national_ Articles. It was impossible for these Americans not to know this difference between the respective abilities of states and citizens of America. Their Statute of ’76 had declared this sole American concept of the law controlling the relation of government to human being. They were actually engaged in their Revolutionary War for the very purpose of making it forever American law that no governments could ever grant _national_ power in any matter. Because, therefore, the proposed Articles of 1777 were only _federal_ Articles with grants of _federal_ power, it was “felt and acknowledged by all” that the state legislatures were competent to make _those_ Articles. So we recall, with intent to remember, that those _federal_ Articles were made in the exercise of that legislative government ability to make _federal_ Articles, which is mentioned in our own Fifth Article. In 1787, from the same Philadelphia, there came the proposal that the American people, collectively the possessors of the supreme will in America, create a new nation, with themselves as its members or citizens and, as its members, constitute its government with _national_ powers to interfere with their own individual freedom. Because the legal necessity of deriving powers _of that kind_ from the people themselves was “felt and acknowledged by all,” the inevitable legal decision was reached at Philadelphia that the existing ability of legislative governments to make _federal_ Articles neither then did nor ever could include the ability to make _national_ Articles like the First Article and the supposed Eighteenth Amendment. By reason of that legal necessity and its then recognition by all, because the First Article contained grants of _national_ power, “by the convention, by Congress, and by the state legislatures, the instrument was submitted to the people. They acted upon it in the only manner in which they can act safely, effectively, and wisely on such a subject, by assembling in convention.” The reasoning and the decision itself were embodied in Article VII and in the Resolution which went from Philadelphia with the proposed seven Articles, including the Fifth Article.