Civilization in the United States: An inquiry by thirty Americans
General
Civilization in the United States: An inquiry by thirty Americans
United States -- Civilization
By virtue of the obscurantist logic inherent in this as in other
transcendental idealisms, there is a genuine attachment to a certain
aspect of Christianity. The identification of the Absolute with the
Logos of John in his “Spirit of Modern Philosophy” and the frequent
lapses into Scriptural language are not mere tricks to inspire
abstractions with the breath of life. By such logic “selves” are never
wholly distinct. If we make classifications, they are all _secundum
quid_. Absolute ontological sundering is as mythical as the Snark.
The individual is essentially a member of a community of selves that
establishes duties for him under the demands of Loyalty. This is the
basis of Royce’s ethics. But the fellowship in this community is also a
participation in the “beloved community” within which sin, atonement,
and the dogma of Pauline Christianity unfold themselves naturally in
the guise of social psychology. In such treatment of the “Problem of
Christianity” there is at most only a slight shifting of emphasis
from the somewhat too self-conscious individualism of his earliest
philosophy.
Royce used to tell a story on himself that illustrates a reaction of a
part of the public to idealistic philosophy. At the close of a lecture
before a certain woman’s organization, one of his auditors approached
him with the words: “Oh, my dear Professor Royce, I _did_ enjoy your
lectures _so_ much! Of course, I didn’t understand one word of it,
but it was so evident _you_ understood it all, that it made it _very_
enjoyable!” The lady, though more frank in her confession, was probably
not intellectually inferior to a considerable portion of the idealist’s
public. James notes the fascination of hearing high things talked
about, even if one cannot understand. But time is, alas, productive of
comparative understanding, and it may be with Royce, as with Emerson
before him, that growth of understanding contributes to narrowing the
circle of his readers. The imported mysteries of Eucken and Bergson
offer newer thrills, and a fuller sense of keeping up to date.
If Royce’s philosophy of religion has not the success that might have
been anticipated among those seeking a freer religion, it is probably,
as Professor Hocking suggests, because “idealism does not do the work
of religious truth.” Royce has no interest in churches or sects. Christ
is for him little more than a shadow. Prayer and worship find no place
in his discussion. The mantle of the genteel tradition must then fall
on other shoulders, probably those of Hocking himself. His “Meaning of
God in Human Experience” is an effort to unite realism, mysticism, and
idealism to establish Christianity as “organically rooted in passion,
fact, and institutional life.” Where idealism has destroyed the fear of
Hell, this new interpretation “restores the sense of infinite hazard, a
wrath to come, a heavenly city to be gained or lost in the process of
time and by the use of our freedom”!
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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