Classics of modern science : $b (Copernicus to Pasteur)
History
Classics of modern science : $b (Copernicus to Pasteur)
Science; Science -- History
It early occurred to me that if galvanic magnets on my plan were
substituted for ordinary magnets, in researches of this kind, more
success might be expected. Besides their great powers these magnets
possess other properties, which render them important instruments in
the hands of the experimenter; their polarity can be instantaneously
reversed, and their magnetism suddenly destroyed or called into full
action, according as the occasion may require. With this view, I
commenced, last August, the construction of a much larger galvanic
magnet than, to my knowledge, had before been attempted, and also made
preparations for a series of experiments with it on a large scale,
in reference to the production of electricity from magnetism. I was,
however, at that time accidentally interrupted in the prosecution of
these experiments, and have not been able since to resume them until
within the last few weeks, and then on a much smaller scale than was
at first intended. In the meantime, it has been announced in the 117th
number of the _Library of Useful Knowledge_, that the result
so much sought after has at length been found by Mr. Faraday of the
Royal Institution. It states that he has established the general fact,
that when a piece of metal is moved in any direction, in front of a
magnetic pole, electrical currents are developed in the metal, which
pass in a direction at right angles to its own motion, and also that
the application of this principle affords a complete and satisfactory
explanation of the phenomena of magnetic rotation. No detail is given
of the experiments, and it is somewhat surprising that results so
interesting, and which certainly form a new era in the history of
electricity and magnetism, should not have been more fully described
before this time in some of the English publications; the only mention
I have found of them is the following short account from the _Annals
of Philosophy_ for April, under the head of Proceedings of the Royal
Institution:
“Feb. 17.--Mr. Faraday gave an account of the first two parts of
his researches in electricity; namely, Volta-electric induction and
magneto-electric induction. If two wires, A and B, be placed side by
side, but not in contact, and a Voltaic current be passed through
A, there is instantly a current produced by induction in B, in the
opposite direction. Although the principal current in A be continued,
still the secondary current in B is not found to accompany it, for
it ceases after the first moment, but when the principal current is
stopped, then there is a second current produced in B, in the opposite
direction to that of the first produced by the inductive action, or in
the same direction as that of the principal current.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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