“In the coal of Jameson’s Land, on the east side of Greenland, lying in latitude 71°, and in that of Melville Island, in latitude 75° N., Professor Jameson found plants resembling fossils of the coal-fields of Britain.”[172] PERMIAN PERIOD. _England._—From the researches of Professor Ramsay in the Permian breccias, we have every reason to believe that during a part of the Permian age our country was probably covered with glaciers reaching to the sea. These brecciated stones, he states, are mostly angular or subangular, with flattened sides and but very slightly rounded at the edges, and are imbedded in a deep red marly paste. At Abberley Hill some of the masses are from 2 to 3 feet in diameter, and in one of the quarries, near the base of Woodbury Hill, Professor Ramsay saw one 2 feet in diameter. Another was observed at Woodbury Rock, 4 feet long, 3 feet broad, and 1½ feet thick. The boulders were found in South Staffordshire, Enville, in Abberley and Malvern Hills, and other places. “They seem,” he says, “to have been derived from the conglomerate and green, grey, and purple Cambrian grits of the Longmynd, and from the Silurian quartz-rocks, slates, felstones, felspathic ashes, greenstones, and Upper Caradoc rocks of the country between the Longmynd and Chirbury. But then,” he continues, “the south end of the Malvern Hills is from forty to fifty miles, the Abberleys from twenty-five to thirty-five miles, Enville from twenty to thirty miles, and South Staffordshire from thirty-five to forty miles distant from that country.”[173] It is physically impossible, Professor Ramsay remarks, that these blocks could have been transported to such distances by any other agency than that of ice. Had they been transported by water, supposing such a thing possible, they would have been rounded and water-worn, whereas many of these stones are flat slabs, and most of them have their edges but little rounded. And besides many of them are highly polished, and others grooved and finely striated, exactly like those of the ancient glaciers of Scotland and Wales. Some of these specimens are to be seen in the Museum of Practical Geology, Jermyn Street. _Scotland._—In the Island of Arran, Mr. E. A. Wunsch and Mr. James Thomson found a bed of conglomerate which they considered of Permian age, and probably of glacial origin. This conglomerate enclosed angular fragments of various schistose, volcanic, and limestone rocks, and contained carboniferous fossils.