[Footnote 81: Janet says, "From forgetfulness there arises frequently, even if not invariably, the so-called lying of hysteria. The same explanation holds good of a hysteric's whims, changes of mood, ingratitude--in a word, of his inconstancy. The link between the past and present, which gives to the whole personality its seriousness and poise, depends to a large extent upon memory" ("Mental States," etc., p. 67).] [Footnote 82: Freud, "The Interpretation of Dreams," p. 469.] [Footnote 83: Binet, _l.c._, p. 84.] [Footnote 84: "Une autre considération rapproche encore ces deux états, c'est que les actes subconscients ont un effet en quelque sorte hypnotisant et contribuant par eux-mêmes à amener le somnambulisme" ("L'Automatisme," p. 329).] [Footnote 85: Janet, _l.c._, p. 329.] [Footnote 86: In literature Gustave Flaubert has made use of a similar falling asleep at the moment of extreme excitement in his novel "Salambo." When the hero, after many struggles, has at last captured Salambo, he suddenly falls asleep just as he touches her virginal bosom.] [Footnote 87: Perhaps the cases of paralysis of the emotions also belong here. Cf. Baetz, _Allg. Zeitsch. f. Psych._, LVIII., p. 717.] [Footnote 88: _Allg. Zeitsch. f. Psych._, XXX., p. 17.] [Footnote 89: _Arch. f. Psych._, XXIII., p. 59.] [Footnote 90: Cf. here Flournoy, _l.c._, 65.] [Footnote 91: _Arch. f. Psych._, XXII., p. 737.] [Footnote 92: _Ibid._, 734.] [Footnote 93: Bonamaison, "Un cas remarquable d'Hypnose spontanée," etc.--_Rev. de l'Hypnotisme_, Fév. 1890, p. 234.] [Footnote 94: _Arch. f. Psych._, XXII., 737.] [Footnote 95: _Ibid._] [Footnote 96: _Ibid._, XXIII., p. 59 ff.] [Footnote 97: Cf. Lehman's investigations of involuntary whispering, "Aberglaube und Zauberei," 1898, p. 385 ff.] [Footnote 98: Thus Flournoy writes, "Dans un premier essai Léopold (H.S.'s control-spirit) ne réussit qu'à donner ses intimations et sa pronunciation à Helen: après une séance où elle avait vivement souffert dans la bouche et le cou comme si on lui travaillait ou lui enlevait les organes vocaux, elle se mit à causer très naturellement."] [Footnote 99: Loewenfeld, _Arch. f. Psych._, XXIII., 60.] [Footnote 100: This behaviour recalls Flournoy's observations: "Whilst H.S. as a somnambule speaks as Marie Antoinette, the arms of H.S. do not belong to the somnambulic personality, but to the automatism Leopold, who converses by gestures with the observer" (Flournoy, _l.c._, p. 125).] [Footnote 101: Dessoir, "Das Doppel-Ich," II. Aufl., 1896, p. 29.] [Footnote 102: Janet, "L'anesthésie hystérique," _Arch. d'Neur._, 69, 1892.] [Footnote 103: Graeter, _Zeit. f. Hypnotismus_, VIII., p. 129.] [Footnote 104: The hysterical attack is not a purely psychical process. By the psychic processes only a pre-formed mechanism is set free, which has nothing to do with psychic processes in and for themselves (Karplus, _Jahr. f. Psych._, XVII.).]