Colour Measurement and MixtureAbney, William de Wiveleslie, Sir
Science
Colour Measurement and Mixture
Abney, William de Wiveleslie, Sir
Color
In the path of the reflected beam, but between the prism and the
silvered mirror, is inserted a piece of plain glass which can be made to
reflect part of the beam into the spectrum patch of light, a square
patch of the white light being formed by means of a third lens. We thus
have monochromatic light mixed with white light. The requisite intensity
of the added white light can be adjusted by means of the rotating
sectors, as described in the same chapter, which open and close at will
during rotation, and the total luminosity of the mixed beams can be
altered by this, together with the adjustable slit in the slide. The
slit may probably have to be moved in the spectrum to make the hue of
these mixed lights the same as that of the glass, but by trial the
position of the ray whose colour when diluted with white makes the match
is readily found. The position of the slit in the spectrum is noted, as
also the aperture of the sectors. The relative luminosities of the beam
reflected from the plain glass mirror and of the coloured ray is next
measured by placing a rod in the path of the two beams, and equalizing
by the sectors the luminosity of the shadows which are illuminated, the
one by the spectral ray, and the other by the white light. When the
sector aperture is noted the registration is complete, as far as hue is
concerned, but the luminosity of the ray transmitted through the glass
should be compared with that of the reflected beam, and then the
luminosity is also recorded.
Should the colour of a pigment be in question, the ray reflected from
the silvered mirror is made to fall on the pigmented surface and the
same procedure adopted.
If a purple glass (say) has to be registered, we proceed in a slightly
different manner. The patch of coloured light passing through the purple
glass is superposed over the spectrum patch, and the slit in the slide
is moved till a ray is found which will make white light when superposed
on the colour of the glass. The luminosities of this white light, of the
reflected beam, and of the spectral colour are compared "inter se," and
there are then sufficient data with which to make numerical
registration.
Coloured glasses to be used at night with oil or gas, or pigments to be
viewed by these lights, must be registered in these lights. As the
spectrum colours are always the same, it is convenient to use the
electric light spectrum, and the only alteration in the apparatus is to
use two gas-lights to illuminate two square apertures, in front of one
of which the glass whose colour has to be measured is placed. The images
of these apertures are thrown on the screen, the coloured image touching
the square image of the spectral colour patch, and the naked image over
the latter. The same determinations are gone through as those just
described.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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