Dr. Bolton has generously given permission to include here his own translation, as yet unpublished, taken from the “Itinerary from the Mines of Caxco,” by an anonymous diarist of the Oñate expedition to New Mexico, 1596 to 1598. This diary wonderfully confirms the accuracy of Villagrá’s rhymed history, and supplements it in various details, the most valuable of which is the list, not given elsewhere, of names of those men killed or wounded in the affray. The diarist’s account is as follows: _November 4th._—Captain Marquéz came from the Land of Peace (Mexico), and from Puaray he followed the Governor toward Ácoma. _November 18th._—On Wednesday, at midday, November 18, the _Maestro de Campo_ (Juan de Zaldívar) set out from the South Sea, following the Governor. _December 4th._—On December 4th he was killed at Ácoma by the Indians of that fortress which is the best stronghold in all the conquered country. With him were killed Captain Diego Nuñez, Captain Felipe Escalante, Ensign Pereyra, Arauxo, Joan Camacho, Martín Ramírez, Juan de Legura, Pedro Robledo, Martín de Riveras, Sebastian Rodríguez, and two servants: a mulatto of Damiero and an Indian. They wounded León Zapata, Juan de Olague, and Cavanillas, and twice stoned the royal _alguacil_. _December 5th._—On the 5th the _alguacil_ set out with three companions to report the matter to the Governor, who was in the province Zuñi and Mohoqui. He lost his way and returned on the 6th. _7th._—On the 7th, Bernabé de las Casas set out with six companions to make the same report and deliver it to him ten leagues beyond Ácoma. This alone saved the men whom his Lordship had with him and who were returning to Ácoma with full confidence in them, and ignorant of the atrocities which had been committed by the Indians. _21st._—On the 21st, after having received this information, the Señor Governor returned to this pueblo of San Juan, where the main body of his camp and our Father Commissary now are. _January 12th._—On the 12th the Sergeant Major, with title of Lieutenant Governor and Commander of the companies, set out with seventy companions to punish the natives of Ácoma. _21st._—On the 21st, the feast of Señora Santa Ynez, the said Sergeant Major arrived with his soldiers, and with the carts and artillery, to besiege Ácoma, whose inhabitants they found prepared for war. They received our men by shooting arrows and other missiles at them, and with many insults. They appeared with some arms of the Christians whom they had killed there; and they would not consent to the demands made by them according to the instructions of his Lordship (Oñate).