_22d._—Therefore, on Friday, the feast of Señor San Vicente, at four in the afternoon, all having confessed and made their peace with God, a feigned assault was made on one side of the rocks of Ácoma. When the people of the rock ran thither, the Spaniards went up on the other side. With brave efforts they captured the first small crag and other rocks and boulders, and finally came face to face with the enemy. They held their ground that day and night with great diligence and watchfulness. _23d._—On the next day, which was the feast of Señor San Ildefonso, as soon as it was daybreak, they began a pitched battle which lasted until after four in the afternoon. It was miraculous that so great a number of the enemy were killed without the loss of any of ours; and that the air was extremely favorable, for it was so cold that the arquebuses did not become heated, although the firing was continuous throughout the entire time. It was all the more miraculous considering the small number—less than fifty—who were on top of the rock, for the balance who made up the total of the seventy who went to this war, guarded the base of the rock on horseback, so that on the top of the rock there were ten of the enemy to each Spaniard. On this day the Indians of Ácoma saw an apparition of Santiago or of San Pablo. Lorenzo Salado met with an accident because of his carelessness in making the ascent. _24th._—On this day the 23d they surrendered, although the Spaniards did not enter the pueblo until Sunday the 24th, when they established a camp in one of the plazas. Then they began to capture the Indians, some of whom entrenched themselves in the _estufas_ (_kivas_) and underground passages of the rock, which was all undermined in every direction. Most of them were punished and killed by fire and bloodshed, and the pueblo was completely laid waste and burned.[69] Chapter V ÁCOMA REBUILT The missions were agencies of the state as well as of the Church. If the Indian were to become either a worthy Christian or a desirable subject, he must be disciplined in the rudiments of civilized life. The task of giving the discipline was likewise turned over to the missionary. Hence, the missions were designed to be not only Christian seminaries, but in addition were outposts for the control and training schools for the civilizing of the frontier.—BOLTON.