Commentary on Genesis, Vol. 1: Luther on the CreationLuther, Martin
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Commentary on Genesis, Vol. 1: Luther on the Creation
Luther, Martin
Bible. Genesis -- Commentaries
Hence it was that by the Word the rock in the desert gave forth its
waters in all their abundance, Ex. 17:6, and that by the same Word the
brazen serpent healed all those that looked unto it, Num. 21:9. By
this same efficacy of the Word of God's prohibition, this one tree or
this certain species of many trees in the middle of paradise killed
Adam by his disobedience to that Word of God; not that the tree itself
was deadly in its own nature but because it was appointed by the Word
of God to be so in its effects. In the same way also are we to
understand the nature of the tree of life, of which God commanded Adam
to eat as often as he needed to restore his powers. It was by the Word
of God that the tree of life produced that restoration.
To reason indeed it seems absurd, that one apple could have such
deadly properties or produce such deadly effects as to destroy the
whole human race throughout its almost infinite succession; and that
too with a death eternal. But this was not the nature or the effect of
the apple in itself. Adam did indeed force his teeth into the apple,
but his teeth struck in reality upon the sting in the apple, which
sting was the prohibition of God, which made his bite to be
disobedience to God. This was the real cause of the mighty evil. Adam
thus sinned against God, disregarded his commandment and obeyed Satan.
The tree of the knowledge of good and evil was in itself "good," the
tree which bore the most noble fruits. But as the prohibition of God
was attached to it and man disregarded that prohibition, the tree
became the deadliest of all poisons.
Just in the same manner as God has said, "Thou shalt not steal," Ex.
20:15, the man who touches the property of another as his own sins
against God. So in Egypt when the Jews were commanded of God to ask
silver from their neighbors and to carry it away with them; that was
no sin; they were justified by the command of God, to whom obedience
is due, whatever be the issue or result. So also the suitor when he
loves a virgin and has a strong desire of nature to possess her as his
wife and marries her, committeth no adultery; though the Law of God
forbids coveting and concupiscence. And the great reason is this,
matrimony is a divine institution and is a command of God to them who
cannot live chastely without marriage. Just the same also is the
nature of these two trees. The tree of life gives life, by virtue of
the Word which promises and ordains that life. "The tree of the
knowledge of good and evil" produces death by virtue of the efficacy
of the Word which prohibits the eating of it on the penalty of death
in case of disobedience.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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