Commentary on Genesis, Vol. 1: Luther on the CreationLuther, Martin
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Commentary on Genesis, Vol. 1: Luther on the Creation
Luther, Martin
Bible. Genesis -- Commentaries
I call Adam's primitive, creative innocence the childhood of glorious
innocency, because Adam, if I may so speak, was in a middle state, or
a state of neutrality or liability; in a state where he could be
deceived by Satan; and could fall into that awful calamity into which
he did fall. But such a peril of falling will not exist in that state
of perfect manhood of glorified innocency, which we shall enjoy in the
future and spiritual life. And this indeed is that which is signified
in this threat of punishment. "For in the day that thou eatest thereof
thou shalt surely die." As if the Lord had said, thou mayest remain
indeed, if thou obey me, in this life, in which I have created thee;
yet thou wilt not even then, be immortal, as the angels are. It is a
life placed as it were in a middle, neutral or liable, state. Thou
mayest remain in it by obedience, and afterwards be translated into an
immortality, which cannot be lost. On the other hand if thou shalt not
obey me, thou shalt fall into death and shalt lose that immortality.
There is a great difference therefore between the created spiritual
state of angels and the created natural innocency of Adam. Angels as
they now are cannot fall, but Adam could fall; for Adam was created in
a state in which he might become immortal, that is, in which he might
continue in his original innocency without death, for he was free from
all sin and stood in a condition from which he might be translated out
of the childhood glory of original innocency into the manhood glory of
immortality, in which he could never sin afterwards. On the other
hand, Adam could fall out of this childhood glory of natural innocence
into sin, the curse and death, as indeed it sadly happened. Adam was
in a state of natural immortality, or which might have been a natural
immortality, because he had recourse to certain created trees, the
virtue of whose fruits produced preservation of life. But this natural
immortality was not so secured to him, as to render it impossible for
him to fall into mortality.
Why God willed to create man in this middle, neutral or liable state
is not for us to explain or curiously to inquire. Equally impossible
is it for us to say and unlawful to ask, why man was so created that
all mankind should be propagated from one man by generation, while
angels were not so created. For angels generate not nor are
propagated, because they live a spiritual life; but the counsel of God
in the creation of man is worthy the highest admiration, in that he
created him to an animal life and to corporeal actions, which also the
other animals have, and gave him also a power of intellect, which
indeed the angels also possess. So that man is a compound being, in
whom are united the brute and the angelic natures.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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