Railway, Canadian Pacific, 263 Chesapeake & Ohio, 71 Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, 68 New York Central, 65, 67 Northern Pacific, 227 Sind-Pishin, 356 Southern, 71 Tehuantepec, 269 Transportation, 62 Transsiberian, 345, 372 Union Pacific, 66 Rainfall, effects of, 33 deficiency of, 33 Ramie, 123 Rangoon, 362 Raw silk, 118 Rebates, 71 Redwood, 198, 252 Resins, 141 Rhodesia, 389 Rice, 102, 359 Richmond, 221 Riga, 347 Rio Janeiro, 290 River navigation in Europe, 53 valleys, 21 Roads, macadamized, 78 Rock Island, 237 Rome, 327 Rotterdam, 318 Roumania, 338 Rubber, 141, 275, 278, 281, 288 Rug wools, 114 Rugs, oriental, 351, 355 Ruhr iron fields, 306 Russia, 343 Rye, 101, 344 Sacramento, 252 Sahara, 385 Saigon, 365 Sailing vessels, 47 St. Gotthard tunnel, 66 St. Louis, 234 St. Paul, 230, 236 St. Petersburg, 346 St. Pierre, 266 St. Thomas, 273 Salmon, 205 Salonica, 340 Samoa Islands, 396 San Antonio, 239 San Francisco, 252 San Joaquin valley, 250 San Juan, P.R., 255 San Pedro, 252 Sandarach, 146 Santa Fe, 250 Santiago, 283 Santos, 290 Saskatchewan, 265 Savannah, 238 Schooners, 44, 47 Scranton, 224 Seal fisheries, 208 Seasonal rains, 34 Seattle, 84, 252 Servia, 341 Shad, 256 Shanghai, 374 Sheep-growing, 242 Shell-lac, 145 Shoe manufacture, 221 Siam, 364 Siberia, 347 Silk, 116, 323, 326, 368, 378 Silver, 162, 176, 248, 268, 278, 304, 340 Sind, 362 Singapore, 363, 365 Sioux City, 236 Sisal hemp, 122, 267 Skagway, 254 Smyrna, 139, 353 Sorghum, 187 Sound Valley, 250 South Bethlehem, 224 South Chicago, 225 Southampton, 302 Spain, 328 Spermaceti, 204 Spokane, 250 Sponge, 208 Steel, Bessemer, 160, 169, 170, 222, 300, 304, 345 Stephenson, 63 Stockholm, 312 Stockton, 252 Sugar, 185, 289, 303, 314, 318, 364 Swash channel, 50 Sweden, 310 Switzerland, 331 Sydney, 395 Tacoma, 252 Tar, 145 Tea, 131, 360, 368, 378 Teak, 200, 365 Temperate zone, activities of, 32 Textiles, 105 Three-mile fishing limit, 262 Thrown silk, 118 Tientsin, 134, 374 Tin, 181, 364 Tobacco, 136, 237, 240, 364, 383 Tokio, 380 Toledo, 225 Topography and trade routes, 24 Toronto, 265 Torrid zone, temperature of, 30 Tortilla, Mexican, 100 Trade routes, ancient, 8 Transcaucasia, 348 Transvaal, 389 Treaty ports, 373 Trebizond, 351 Triple-expansion principle, 45 Tripoli, 386 Tunis, 385 Turf grass, 34 Turkey-in-Europe, 339 Turks invade Europe, 9 Turpentine, 144 Tussar silk, 119 Tutuila, 258 Tweed, 112 Uruguay, 294 Valparaiso, 283 Vancouver, 266 Vanderbilt locomotive fire-box, 64 Vanilla, 268 Vaseline, 157 Venezuela, 285 Vicksburg, 238 Vienna, 337 Virginia City, 250 Vladivostok, 347 Vuelta Abajo, 137 Vulcanized rubber, 142 Wai-wu-pu, 373 Walla Walla, 250 Warsaw, 347 Water-power, 84 Waterproof cloth, 143 Welland Canal, 263 Wellington, 396 Whale fisheries, 203 Wheat, 88, 96, 244, 344, 359, 367 White Pass, 254 Willamette Valley, 250