Common Diseases of Farm AnimalsCraig, Robert Alexander
Science
Common Diseases of Farm Animals
Craig, Robert Alexander
Veterinary medicine
_In the acute form_ of the disease the _symptoms_ come on very quickly, the
fever is high and the pulse beats and respirations are rapid. Chilling of
the body occurs, and the animal may appear dull and refuse to eat. The
animal coughs frequently. Recovery occurs within a few days, unless
complicated by sore throat and pneumonia. In the horse, bronchitis is not a
serious disease, but in other animals recovery is delayed and complications
are more common.
_In chronic bronchitis_ in the horse, the animal coughs frequently, there
is more or less discharge from the nostrils and the respirations may become
labored when exercised. The animal is usually weak, in poor flesh and unfit
for work. In other cases, symptoms of broken wind are noticed. Severe
coughing spells on getting up from the bed, or on moving about are
characteristic of bronchitis in hogs. Verminous bronchitis in calves and
lambs is characterized by severe spells of coughing, difficult and labored
breathing and a weak, emaciated condition.
_The preventive treatment_ is the same as for "colds." In the acute form
the treatment consists largely in careful nursing. Properly ventilated,
clean quarters that are free from dust should be provided. The animal
should be covered with a light or heavy blanket, depending on the
temperature of the stable, and the limbs bandaged. A light diet should be
fed for a few days. It is advisable to give the animal a physic of oil. The
inhalation of steam every few hours during the first few days should be
practised. Glycoheroin may be given three or four times a day.
Animals affected with chronic bronchitis should not be exercised or worked.
We should guard against their taking cold, give nourishing feeds, and a
tonic if necessary.
CONGESTION OF THE LUNGS.--Pulmonary congestion is generally due to
overexertion and exposure to extreme heat or cold. It may occur if the
animal is exercised when sick or exhausted. Hogs that are heated from
exercise and allowed access to cold water, may suffer from a congestion or
engorgement of the lungs. It may be present at the beginning of an attack
of pneumonia or pleurisy.
_The symptoms_ are difficult breathing and the animal fights for its
breath. The body temperature may be several degrees above the normal. In
the mild form, the above symptoms are not so marked. The onset and course
of the disease are rapid, recovery, pneumonia, or death often occurring
within twenty-four hours.
_Pulmonary haemorrhage_ is not uncommon. The discharge from the nostrils
may be slightly tinged with blood, or there may be an intermittent
discharge of blood from the nostrils or mouth. The mucous membranes are
pale, the animal trembles and shows marked dyspnoea.
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