In regard to the _literal_ use of language, it has been shown that the same term is sometimes used for the name of the thing ordinarily expressed by it, sometimes for its cause, sometimes for its effect, and sometimes as including all these ideas. The rule for determining in which of these senses the term is used is the same as in regard to figurative language, viz., that signification must be attached to the term which is in agreement with experience as to the nature of things, and with the other sentiments of the writer. Thus, in relation to the example given of the term pride, suppose a child is called the "pride of its parents." We know it can not mean the _emotion of mind_; that it can not mean the _effects_ of this state of mind; and its only other meaning is found consistent with experience, viz., it is the _cause_ or occasion of pride to its parents. The same mode of reasoning can be applied to the other uses of the term. If a man is said to feel pride, there is but one meaning which can be attached to the term. If it is said that "the pride of the world passeth away," it includes the whole, and signifies that the causes of pride pass away, and with them the emotions and the effects. The following, then, are the clear and simple rules to employ in interpreting all language: LAWS OF INTERPRETATION. 1. The literal, ordinary meaning is to be given to all words, unless it would express what is inconsistent with experience as to the nature of things, or inconsistent with the opinions of the writer. 2. When the words in a sentence are capable of several literal meanings, that is to be chosen which makes the writer most consistent with himself and with all known circumstances. 3. When the literal meaning expresses what is not consistent with the nature of things or with the writer's other declarations, then the language is _figurative_, and only such a part of the ideas as have been in any way connected with the words used are to be retained as will secure such consistency. 4. In deciding the meaning of words, we are to be guided by the principles of common sense, viz.: No meaning is to be given unless there is _some_ evidence that it is true; and, when there is conflicting evidence, that meaning is the true one which has the _balance_ of evidence in its favor. ADDENDA TO VOL. I. The second volume will commence with a description of the _kind_ of evidence which sustains the Bible as a collection of authentic and authoritative records of revelations from the Creator. This kind of evidence, it will be shown, in one grand feature is entirely diverse from any that ever existed, or even that was ever _claimed_ to exist in reference to any pretended revelations. It will also be shown that this evidence is as strong and reliable as that which regulates men in their daily practical concerns.