[121] Kings and princes--_Reges tetrarchae_. _Tetrarchs_ were properly those who had the government of the fourth part of the country; but at length, the signification of the word being extended, it was applied to any governors of any country who were possessed of supreme authority, and yet were not acknowledged as kings by the Romans. See Hirt. Bell. Alex. c. 67: "Deiotarus, at that time _tetrarch_ of almost all Gallograecia, a supremacy which the other _tetrarchs_ would not allow to be granted him either by the laws or by custom, but indisputably acknowledged as king of Armenia Minor by the senate," etc. _Dietsch._ "Hesychius has, [Greek: _Tetrarchas, basileis_]. See Isidor., ix. 8; Alex. ab. Alex., ii. 17." _Colerus_. "Cicero, Phil. II., speaks of Reges Tetrarchas Dynastasque. And Lucan has (vii. 46) Tetrarchae regesque tenent, magnique tyranni." _Wasse._ Horace also says, --Modo reges atque tetrarchas, Omnia magna loquens. I have, with Rose, rendered the word _princes_, as being the most eligible term. [122] Insults--_Repulsas_. Repulses in standing for office. [123] The course of events, etc.--_Caetera res expediet_.--"Of. Cic. Ep. Div. xiii. 26: _explicare et expedire negotia_." Gerlach. [124] Building over seas--See c. 13. [125] Embossed plate--_Toreumata_. The same as _vasa coelata_, sculptured vases, c. 11. Vessels ornamented in bas-relief; from [Greek: _toreuein_], _sculpere_; see Bentley ad Hor. A. P., 441. "Perbona toreumata, in his pecula duo," etc. Cic. in Verr. iv. 18. [126] XXI. What support or encouragement they had, and in what quarters.--_Quid ubique opis aut spei haberent; i.e._ quid opis aut So c. 27, _init._ Quem ubique opportunum credebat, _i.e._, says Cortius, "quem, et ubi _illum_, opportunum credebat". [127] Abolition of their debts--_Tabulas novas._ Debts were registered on tablets; and, when the debts were paid, the score was effaced, and the tablets were ready to be used _as new._ See Ernesti's Clav. in Cio._sub voce_. [128] Proscription of the wealthy citizens--_Proscriptionem locupletium._ The practice of proscription was commenced by Sylla, who posted up, in public places of the city, the names of those whom he doomed to death, offering rewards to such as should bring him their heads. Their money and estates he divided among his adherents, and Catiline excited his adherents with hopes of similar plunder. [129] Another of his ruling passion--_Admonebat--alium cupiditatis suae_. Rose renders this passage, "Some he put in mind of their poverty, others of their amours." De Brosses renders it, "Il remontre à l'un sa pauvreté, à l'autre son ambition." _Ruling passion_, however, seems to be the proper sense of _cupiditatis_; as it is said, in c. 14, "As the passions of each, according to his years, appeared excited, he furnished mistresses to some, bought horses and dogs for others", etc.