[161] A mere adopted citizen of Rome--_Inquilinus civis urbis Romae_. "Inquilinus" means properly a lodger, or tenant in the house of another. Cicero was born at Arpinum, and is therefore called by Catiline a citizen of Rome merely by adoption or by sufferance. Appian, in repeating this account (Bell. Civ., ii. 104), says, [Greek: _Ingkouilinon, phi raemati kalousi tous enoikountas en allotriais oikiais_.] [162] Traitor--_Parricidam_. See c. 14. "An oppressor or betrayer of his country is justly called a parricide; for our country is the common parent of all. Cic. ad Attic." _Wasse_. [163] Since I am encompassed, by enemies, he exclaimed, etc.--"It was not on this day, nor indeed to Cicero, that this answer was made by Catiline. It was a reply to Cato, uttered a few days before the comitia for electing consuls, which were held on the 22d day of October. See Cic. pro Muraeno, c. 25. Cicero's speech was delivered on the 8th of November. Sallust is, therefore, in error on this point, as well as Florus and Valerius Maximus, who have followed him." _Bernouf_. From other accounts we may infer that no reply was made to Cicero by Catiline on this occasion. Plutarch, in his Life of Cicero, says that Catiline, before Cicero rose, seemed desirous to address the senate in defense of his proceedings, but that the senators refused to listen to him. Of any answer to Cicero's speech, on the part of Catiline, he makes no mention. Cicero himself, in his second Oration against Catiline, says that Catiline _could not endure his voice_, but, when he was ordered to go into exile, "paruit, quievit," _obeyed and submitted in silence_. And in his Oration, c. 37, he says, "That most audacious of men, Catiline, when he was accused by me in the senate, was dumb." [164] XXXII. With directions to address him, etc.--_Cum mandatis hujuscemodi_. The communication, as Cortius observes, was not an epistle, but a verbal message. [165] XXXIII. To have the benefit of the law--_Lege uti_. The law here meant was the Papirian law, by which it was provided, contrary to the old law of the Twelve Tables, that no one should be confined in prison for debt, and that the property of the debtor only, not his person, should be liable for what he owed. Livy (viii. 28) relates the occurrence which gave rise to this law, and says that it ruptured one of the strongest bonds of credit. [166] The praetor--The _praetor urbanus_, or city praetor, who decided all causes between citizens, and passed sentence on debtors. [167] Relieved their distress by decrees--_Decretis suis inopiae opitulati sunt_. In allusion to the laws passed at various times for diminishing the rate of interest.