Nicæa, Council of, called by Constantine, 211; members, 212-214; language, 213; great interest aroused in, 215; Constantine opens the Council, 217-220; splits up into parties, 221 _ff._; proceedings, 221 _ff._; adopts Nicene Creed, 228; excommunicates Arius, 231; decision in regard to Easter, 231; draws up Canons of Nicæa, 231; farewell address by Constantine, 233; dismissed, 234 Nicene Creed adopted, 228 _ff._ Nicomedia, capital of Diocletian, 8, 39, 258, 260; Christian church erected at, 13; church at, razed, 24 Novatianism in Northern Africa, 159 Numerian, son of Carus, Empire divided between Carinus and, 4; death, 5 P Pagan clergy, 146 Pamphylians, petition of, 142, 143 Pannonia, given over to Constantine, 122; invaded by Goths and Sarmatæ, 123 Paphnutius, 232, 233 Parthia, war with Rome, 7 Parthians, 2 “Passion of the Saints,” 35, 36 Paulinus of Nola, 354 Paulinus of Tyre, treatment of Arius, 196; letter from Eusebius of Nicomedia, 202 Persia, relations with Constantine, 254-256 Philostorgius, on Fausta, 244 Philoxenos, 273 Polybius, quoted, on Byzantium, 262 Porphyry, Neo-Platonist philosopher, 19 Porphyry Pillar, the, 270 Prætorian præfects, 331, 332 Prætorians, mutiny at Rome, 57; camps abolished, 58; rule Rome, 77, 78; disbanded, 89 Prætors, 334 Prisca, wife of Diocletian, a Christian, 13; exiled, 118, 119; death, 120, 132 Probus, 4, 17 Prudentius, 354 Purpurius, Bishop of Limata, 161 R Roman Empire, threatened fall in third century, 1 _ff._; turn of fortune, 3; under Diocletian, 5 _ff._, 330; divided into twelve dioceses, 10, 331; prosperity, 11; population, 12; shared by Constantine and Licinius, 120; invaded by Goths and Sarmatæ, 123, 124; united, 133; peace, 252; war with Goths and Sarmatæ, 252; reorganisation under Constantine, 330 _ff._; disintegration, 342 _ff._ Rome, 57, 258 Rome, Council of, 176 Ruricius Pompeianus, holds Verona, 83; killed, 85 S Sabinus, præfect, 140, 143 St. Irene, Church of, description of, 274, 275 St. Sophia, Church of, 274 St. Stephen, Church of, 278 Sapor, king of Persia, relations with Constantine, 254-256 Sarmatæ, invade Roman Empire, 123; turn to Constantine for help, 253 Saturninus, speech of, 3 Secundus, Bishop of Tigisis, president of synod at Cirta, 161, 162, 165 Secundus of Ptolemais, Bishop, friend of Arius, 196 Senate, 335, 336 Seneca, quoted, 350 Senecio, 120 Severus, Emperor, becomes Cæsar, 40, 56, 57; nominated by Galerius, 41, 59; domain, 56; besieges Rome, 59; besieged by Maximian and Maxentius, 59-60; is given choice of death, 72 Simon Stylites, 347 Sirmium, capital of Galerius, 8 Slavery, 342 Socrates, quoted, 216, 220, 287, 288, 298, 299 Sopater, pagan philosopher, in favour with Constantine, 324 Sotades of Crete, pagan poet, 204