Conversations on Chemistry, V. 1-2: In Which the Elements of that Science Are Familiarly Explained and Illustrated by ExperimentsMarcet, Mrs. (Jane Haldimand)
Science
Conversations on Chemistry, V. 1-2: In Which the Elements of that Science Are Familiarly Explained and Illustrated by Experiments
Marcet, Mrs. (Jane Haldimand)
Chemistry
Because in many cases it produced confusion. In which class, for
instance, would you place carbonic acid?
CAROLINE.
Now I see the difficulty. I should be at a loss where to place it, as
you have told us that it exists in the animal, vegetable, and mineral
kingdoms.
EMILY.
There would be the same objection with respect to phosphoric acid,
which, though obtained chiefly from bones, can also, you said, be found
in small quantities in stones, and likewise in some plants.
MRS. B.
You see, therefore, the propriety of changing this mode of
classification. These objections do not exist in the present
nomenclature; for the composition and nature of each individual acid is
in some degree pointed out, instead of the class of bodies from which it
is extracted; and, with regard to the more general division of acids,
they are classed under these three heads:
First, Acids of known or supposed simple bases, which are formed by the
union of these bases with oxygen. They are the following:
The _Sulphuric_
_Carbonic_
_Nitric_
_Phosphoric_
_Arsenical_ Acids, of known and simple bases.
_Tungstenic_
_Molybdenic_
_Boracic_
_Fluoric_
_Muriatic_
This class comprehends the most anciently known and most important
acids. The sulphuric, nitric, and muriatic were formerly, and are still
frequently, called _mineral acids_.
2dly, Acids that have double or binary radicals, and which consequently
consist of triple combinations. These are the vegetable acids, whose
common radical is a compound of hydrogen and carbon.
CAROLINE.
But if the basis of all the vegetable acids be the same, it should form
but one acid; it may indeed combine with different proportions of
oxygen, but the nature of the acid must be the same.
MRS. B.
The only difference that exists in the basis of vegetable acids, is the
various proportions of hydrogen and carbon from which they are severally
composed. But this is enough to produce a number of acids apparently
very dissimilar. That they do not, however, differ essentially, is
proved by their susceptibility of being converted into each other, by
the addition or subtraction of a portion of hydrogen or of carbon. The
names of these acids are,
The _Acetic_
_Oxalic_
_Tartarous_
_Citric_
_Malic_ Acids, of double bases, being of vegetable origin.
_Gallic_
_Mucous_
_Benzoic_
_Succinic_
_Camphoric_
_Suberic_
The 3d class of acids consists of those which have triple radicals, and
are therefore of a still more compound nature. This class comprehends
the animal acids, which are,
The _Lactic_
_Prussic_
_Formic_ Acids, of triple bases, or animal acids.
_Bombic_
_Sebacic_
_Zoonic_
_Lithic_
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account