Conversations on the Plurality of WorldsFontenelle, M. de (Bernard Le Bovier)
Philosophy
Conversations on the Plurality of Worlds
Fontenelle, M. de (Bernard Le Bovier)
Plurality of worlds
That is indisputable, I replied. Our sun is so near to us in comparison
of the suns belonging to other vortices that his light must be
incomparably stronger to us than to them. When he is risen we can
discern no other heavenly body: so, in another vortex, another sun
eclipses ours, and permits it to appear only at night, with all the
other suns, then visible. With them, fixed to the blue firmament, our
sun forms a part of some imaginary figure. As to the planets that go
round him, as they are not seen at so great a distance, they are not
so much as thought of. Thus all the suns are daily luminaries to their
own vortex, and nightly ones to all the other vortices. Each reigns
alone in his own system; elsewhere, is but one of a great number.
Nevertheless, do not these worlds differ from each other in a thousand
instances, notwithstanding this equality? for a general resemblance
does not exclude a vast number of dissimilarities.
Surely, answered I: but the difficulty is to find them out. For ought
we know one vortex may have more planets revolving round its sun,
another fewer. In one there are subaltern planets, turning round
the principal planets; in another they may be all alike. Here they
all collect round their sun in a circle, beyond which is an empty
space which extends to the neighbouring vortices; in other parts of
the universe they may have their orbits at the extremities of their
vortex whilst the centre is left empty. And very likely there are some
vortices without any planets; others, whose suns, not being in the
centre, have a circular revolution, carrying their planets along with
them; others, again, whose planets may rise and set with regard to
their sun according to the change of that equilibrium which keeps them
suspended--What would you have more? Surely here is enough for a person
who has never been beyond one vortex.
All that is nothing, she replied, for the number of worlds. What you
have been imagining would suffice but for five or six, instead of
millions.
If you talk of millions now, said I, how will you count them when I
tell you there are many more fixed stars than you discover; that with
telescopes an endless number are seen which are invisible to the naked
eye; and that in a single constellation, where we might before have
counted a dozen or fifteen, there have been found as many as we were
accustomed to observe throughout the heavens?[51]
[Footnote 51: I conclude, from a pretty accurate calculation, that we
may perceive a hundred millions with a telescope that has an opening of
four feet; I have clearly distinguished fifty thousand, and my glass is
but two inches and a half in diameter.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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