The requirement (sec. 9) that the notice of copyright "shall be affixed to each copy published or offered for sale in the United States by authority of the copyright proprietor" makes clear what was a subject of dispute under the old law. The courts, however, generally held that extraterritorial notice of copyright, _i. e._ on foreign editions, was impracticable and unnecessary; and this view is specifically adopted in the new code. In 1905, in Harper _v._ Donohue, it was held by Judge Sanborn, in the U. S. Circuit Court, that the omission of the American copyright notice from an English edition could not vitiate copyright here, especially in view of the prohibition in the law of the importation of foreign-made copies of copyright works. In 1908, in Merriam _v._ United Dictionary Co., it was held by the U. S. Supreme Court, through Justice Holmes, that even where the omission of the notice on a foreign-made edition was with the assent of the American copyright proprietor, there was no waiver of copyright in this country. {Sidenote: Successive editions} In the case of successive printings or editions of a copyrighted book, the original copyright entry must appear in every reprint of the first edition; and it would seem that this entry should also appear in every new edition newly copyrighted, as well as the new notice, so long as it is desired to protect the matter contained in the old edition. Judge Clifford, in the U. S. Circuit Court, in Lawrence _v._ Dana, in 1869, ruled this to be superfluous; but his decision is contrary to the rule that a proprietor may not claim through the copyright notice a longer term than the law permits, since a later date, referring only to new matter, but apparently comprehensive of the whole contents, might be voided under this rule. It is doubtful whether on a new edition with old and new matter one copyright notice with two dates is safe, and the wiser course is to give both the earlier copyright notice and the later notice in proper sequence. In the case of new printings of works published and copyrighted prior to July 1, 1909, no new notice or application is required unless there is added material to be additionally protected and constituting to that extent a new work, in which case a new application and the deposit of two copies is necessary. {Sidenote: False copyright notice}