In the _East Indian Archipelago_, many authors have recorded proofs of recent elevation. M. Lesson[21] states, that near Port Dory, on the north coast of New Guinea, the shores are flanked, to the height of 150 feet, by madreporitic strata of modern date. He mentions similar formations at Waigiou, Amboina, Bourou, Ceram, Sonda, and Timor: at this latter place, MM. Quoy and Gaimard[22] have likewise described the primitive rocks, as coated to a considerable height with coral. Some small islets eastward of Timor are said in Kolff’s “Voyage,”[23] to resemble small coral islets upraised some feet above the sea. Dr. Malcolmson informs me that Dr. Hardie found in JAVA an extensive formation, containing an abundance of shells, of which the greater part appear to be of existing species. Dr. Jack[24] has described some upraised shells and corals, apparently recent, on Pulo Nias off _Sumatra_; and Marsden relates in his history of this great island, that the names of many promontories, show that they were originally islands. On part of the west coast of _Borneo_ and at the _Sooloo Islands_, the form of the land, the nature of the soil, and the water-washed rocks, present appearances[25] (although it is doubtful whether such vague evidence is worthy of mention), of having recently been covered by the sea; and the inhabitants of the Sooloo Islands believe that this has been the case. Mr. Cuming, who has lately investigated, with so much success, the natural history of the _Philippines_, found near Cabagan, in Luzon, about fifty feet above the level of the R. Cagayan, and seventy miles from its mouth, a large bed of fossil shells: these, he informs me, are of the same species with those now existing on the shores of the neighbouring islands. From the accounts given us by Captain Basil Hall and Captain Beechey[26] of the lines of inland reefs, and walls of coral-rock worn into caves, above the present reach of the waves, at the _Loo Choo_ Islands, there can be little doubt that they have been upraised at no very remote period. [21] Partie Zoolog., “Voyage de la _Coquille_.” [22] “Ann. des Scien. Nat.” tom. vi, p. 281. [23] Translated by Windsor Earl, chapters vi, vii. [24] “Geolog. Transact.” 2nd series, vol. i, p. 403. On the Peninsula of Malacca, in front of Pinang, 5° 30′ N., Dr. Ward collected some shells, which Dr. Malcolmson informs me, although not compared with existing species, had a recent appearance. Dr. Ward describes in this neighbourhood (“Trans. Asiat. Soc.” vol. xviii, part ii, p. 166) a single water-worn rock, with a conglomerate of sea-shells at its base, situated six miles inland, which, according to the traditions of the natives, was once surrounded by the sea. Captain Low has also described (_Ibid_., part i, p. 131) mounds of shells lying two miles inland on this line of coast. [25] “Notices of the East Indian Arch.” Singapore, 1828, p. 6, and Append., p. 43.