4. Which way do the seeds point? 5. Are the seeds attached or joined to any part of the core? Explain. 6. What do you see in the blossom end of the apple? 7. What do you see in the opposite end? [Illustration: _Fig. 306. This is an apple in which a worm made its home._] 8. Is there any connection between the blossom end and the core? 9. Find a wormy apple and see if you can make out where the worm left the apple. Perhaps you can make a drawing. To do this, cut the apple in two. Press the cut surface on a piece of paper. When the apple is removed you can trace out the marks. [Illustration: _Fig. 307. These are the apples on which other plants are living.--The apple-scab._] 10. When you hold an apple in your hand, see which way it looks to be bigger--lengthwise or crosswise. Then cut it in two lengthwise, measure it each way, and see which diameter is the greater. [Illustration: _Fig. 308. Here is where city boys and girls buy their apples._] LEAFLET LIV. TWIGS IN LATE WINTER.[72] BY ALICE G. McCLOSKEY. [72] Junior Naturalist Monthly, February, 1904. [Illustration] Along a country road, through a drifted field, over a rail fence, and into the woods I went, gathering twigs here and there as I passed. A February thaw had come and these first messengers of spring, reaching out from shrub and tree, were beginning to show signs of life. Many young people do not believe that spring is near until they hear a robin or a bluebird. The bare little twigs tell us first. Look at them as you go on your way to school. Are they the same color in February that they were in the short December days? When I reached home with my bundle of twigs, it was "fun" to sit by the window and study the strange little things. They were so different one from another, and so interesting in every way, that I decided to ask our boys and girls to gather some winter twigs and tell us about them. Select your twigs from the butternut, willow, hickory, horsechestnut, apple, plum, plane-tree, maple, or any other tree that you come across. Here are some suggestions that will help you in your study: 1. How many colors do you find in one twig? Count the tints and shades. I found eight colors on a small maple branch (Fig. 309). [Illustration: _Fig. 309. Red or swamp maple._] 2. Notice the differences in several twigs as they lie on the table. What makes them look so different: size, shape, color, arrangement of buds, the size or shape of the buds? 3. On how many twigs are the buds opposite each other? Note the opposite buds on the horsechestnut (Fig. 310). On how many are they alternate? Are the buds opposite on the butternut (Fig. 311)? 4. Which twigs bear the buds singly? 5. When you find two or more buds growing together on a stem, is there any difference in the size of the buds?