THE SPOTTED CRAKE, OR GALLINEW (_Crex porzana_), v., 243. These birds haunt the pit-bottoms, and cannot be got without a good dog; hence they appear to be less common than they really are. THE COMMON QUAIL (_Perdrix coturnix_), iii., 178. Occasionally met with, and no doubt breeds, like the partridge, which it resembles, in open fields. It may be known by its peculiar cry in summer evenings, _But-me-but! But-me-but!_ THE COMMON DIPPER (_Cinclus aquaticus_), iii., 123. The only place in the neighbourhood known to be visited by this curious bird is Stalybridge Brushes, from which nests and eggs have several times been brought. At home only in and about brooks and streams in mountainous districts, it generally builds its nests under the ledge of a cascade on rocks perfectly wet, having to go through the curtain of water to reach it. When wishing to feed, it goes to the bottom of the water, there walking about like a diver.--(On the Lancashire localities, see the _Manchester Guardian_, Feb. 4, 1882.) THE RING OUZEL (_Turdus torquatus_), iii., 132. Builds every summer in Stalybridge Brushes; occasionally about Withington. Remarkable for its loud and beautiful song. II. VISITORS COMING IN AUTUMN AND WINTER. THE FIELD-FARE (_Turdus pilaris_), iii., 125. A common winter visitor, breeding in Norway and Sweden, and one of the eminently social birds, always travelling in large companies. Comes about the end of October, and leaves again not later than the beginning of April. THE REDWING (_Turdus iliacus_), iii., 126. The habits of this bird are the same as those of the field-fare, with which it comes and goes. THE SISKIN (_Carduelis spinus_), ii., 109. The siskin visits us in November and December, but sometimes not for seven or eight years together, though coming plentifully when it chooses to make its appearance. THE MEALY RED-POLE (_Linaria canescens_), ii., 112. Comes and goes in flocks with the siskins, and at equally long and uncertain intervals. THE COMMON SNIPE (_Scolopax Gallinago_), iv., 227. Abundant, haunting old brick-pits and unfrozen brooks; plentiful about Gorton, Belle Vue, and Cheetham Hill. THE JACK SNIPE (_Scolopax Gallinula_), iv., 228. A smaller bird than the common snipe; not so plentiful, but often seen in company with it. THE WOODCOCK (_Scolopax rusticola_), iv., 225. Formerly very plentiful about Hough-end, but now rare, owing to the filling up of the pits and the clearing away of the brushwood. III. CASUAL, STRAY, AND OCCASIONAL BIRDS.