Country rambles in England : $b or, Journal of a naturalistKnapp, J. L. (John Leonard)
History
Country rambles in England : $b or, Journal of a naturalist
Knapp, J. L. (John Leonard)
Natural history -- England; Natural history -- Outdoor books
The different manner in which vegetables exert their organic powers to
effect the destruction of insects, is not perhaps unworthy of a brief
notice; some, as those above mentioned, accomplish it by means of
elastic or irritable actions, adhesive substances, and so forth; but we
have another plant in our green-houses, the glaucous birthwort (aristol.
glauca), that effects these purposes without any of these means, but
principally by conformation. The whole internal surface of the tubular
flower is beset with minute strong spines, pointing downwards; these
present no impediment to the descent of the animal which may seek for
the sweet liquor lodged upon the nectarium at the base of the blossom,
nor is there any obstruction provided for its return by means of valves
or contractions, the tube remaining open; but the creature cannot crawl
up by reason of the inverted spines, and to prevent its escape by flying
up the tube, the flower makes an extraordinary curve, bending up like a
horn, so that any winged creature must be beaten back by striking
against the roof of this neck as often as it attempts to mount, and
falling back to the bulbous prison at the base of the flower, dies by
confinement and starvation, and there we find them: a certain number of
these perishing, the blossom fades and drops off.
All the varieties of this snapdragon have the power of maintaining a
state of vegetation in great droughts, when most other plants yield to
the influence of the weather; and it is the more remarkable in these
plants, as the places in which they chiefly delight to vegetate are
particularly exposed to the influence of the sun. In that hot dry summer
of 1825, when vegetation was in general burned up and withered away, yet
did this plant continue to exist on parched walls, and draw nutriment
from sources apparently unable to afford it; not in full vigor
certainly, but in a state of verdure beyond any of its associates. The
common burnet (poterium sanguisorba) of our pastures, in a remarkable
degree, likewise possesses this faculty of preserving its verdure, and
flourishing amid surrounding aridity and exhaustion. It is probable that
these plants, and some others, have the power of imbibing that
insensible moisture, which arises from the earth even in the driest
weather, or from the air which passes over them. The immense evaporation
proceeding from the earth, even in the hottest season, supplies the air
constantly with moisture; and as every square foot of this element can
sustain eleven grains of water, an abundant provision is made for every
demand. We can do little more than note these facts: to attempt to
reason upon the causes, why particular plants are endowed with peculiar
faculties, would be mere idleness; yet, in remarking this, we cannot
pass over the conviction, that the continual escape of moisture from one
body, and its imbibition by another, this unremitting motion and
circulation of matter, are parts of that wonderful ordination, whereby
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