Crania Ægyptiaca: Or, Observations on Egyptian Ethnography Derived from Anatomy, History and the MonumentsMorton, Samuel George
History
Crania Ægyptiaca: Or, Observations on Egyptian Ethnography Derived from Anatomy, History and the Monuments
Morton, Samuel George
Craniology -- Egypt; Ethnology -- Egypt
The annexed outlines, which present more pleasing examples of the same
ethnographic character, are copied from the tomb of Titi, at Thebes,
and date with the remote era of Thotmes IV.[35] They represent five
_fowlers_ in the act of drawing their net over a flock of birds. The
long, flowing hair is in keeping with the facial traits, which latter
are also well characterized in the subjoined drawings, derived from
monuments of different epochs and localities.
[Illustration:
1. 2.
3. 4.
]
Fig. 1, is the head of a _weaver_, from the paintings in the very
ancient tomb of Roti and Menoph at Beni-Hassan, wherein the same cast
of countenance is reiterated without number.[36]
Fig. 2, a _wine-presser_, is also from Beni-Hassan, and dates with
Osortasen, more than 2000 years before the Christian era.[37]
Fig. 3, is a _cook_, who in the tomb of Rameses the Fourth, at Thebes,
is represented with many others in the active duties of his
vocation.[38]
Fig. 4. I have selected this head as an exaggerated or caricatured
illustration of the same type of physiognomy. It is one of the
_goat-herds_ painted in the tomb of Roti, at Beni-Hassan.[39]
The most recent of these last four venerable monuments of art, dates
at least 1450 years before our era: the oldest belongs to unchronicled
times; and the same physical characters are common on the Nubian and
Egyptian monuments down to the Ptolemaic and Roman epochs.
The peculiar head-dress of the Egyptians often greatly modifies and in
some degree conceals their characteristic features; and may at first
sight lead to the impression that the priests possessed a physiognomy
of a distinct or peculiar kind. Such, however, was not the case, as a
little observation will prove. Take, for example, the three following
drawings from a Theban tomb, in which two mourners have head-dresses
and two priests are without them. Are not the national characteristics
unequivocally manifest in them all?[40]
[Illustration]
[Illustration]
In addition to the copious remarks already made in reference to the
hair, we cannot omit the annexed picture from a tomb in Thebes, which
represents an Egyptian woman in the act of lamentation before the
embalmed body of a relative, while the long, black hair reaches even
below the waist.[41]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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