-- depths of, 46 -- in caves, 5, 29 -- in vaults, 47, 59 -- near habitations, 44, 54 Burial-grounds, inundations of, 48, 63, 65 -- -- draining of, 48 -- -- old, 50 Burial laws, 41 Cattle, burial of, 63 Cemeteries, 43, 47 -- conveyance to distant, 80 Churchyards, closing of, 50, 80 Churchyard vapours, 54, 58, 60 Coffins, 52 Columbaria, 16, 75, 124 Common graves during epidemics, 6 Cost of modern system of cremation, 114 -- -- old systems, 91, 100 Cremation and burial practised together, 5, 9, 11, 70 -- -- medical science, 23 -- amongst ancient peoples, 4, 11, 19, 35 -- during epidemics, 6 -- half-and-half schemes of, 40, 64, 76 -- in America, 83 -- in Austria, 79 -- in battlefields, 18 -- in Belgium, 78 -- in England, 85 -- in France, 75 -- in Germany, 82 -- in India, 11, 35, 36, 91 -- in Italy, 68 -- in modern times, 19, 36, 38, 82, 84 -- in North America, 37, 101 -- in Siam, 98 -- in Switzerland, 73 -- judicious promotion of, 125 -- late experiments on, 82, 90, 97, 102, 106, 113, 115 -- modern approved processes, 109, 117 -- not opposed to the doctrine of the resurrection, 8, 12, 74 -- objections to old systems of, 90, 97 -- of condemned food, &c., 22 -- of diseased human dead, 68 Cremation of diseased, cattle, 21 -- of offensive matters, 22 -- societies, 73, 81, 82, 83, 86 -- time occupied by, 115 Dangers of burial, 6, 18, 53 -- -- opening up old burial-grounds, 6 Dead, burial in caves, 29 -- -- in solid materials, 27 -- -- in the earth, 11, 30 -- drying up of the, 29, 34 -- embalming of the, 31, 36, 37, 76, 100, 116 -- exposure of the, 24 -- petrifaction of the, 27 Diseases caused by churchyards, &c., 56 Family graves, 45 Family receptacles for ashes, 16, 99 Graveyards, draining of, 48 -- old, 50 Interment of the ashes, 16, 36, 123 Injudicious promoters of cremation, 2 Judicious promotion of cremation, 125 Laws relating to burial, 41 Mortuary chapel for cremation, 105-118 Objections to cremation, 5, 13, 15 Parkes, Dr., quoted, 53, 59 Poetry upon cremation, 14 Poisoning of the living, 56 -- -- water supplies, 51 Sanitary origin of cremation, 8 Siemens' cremation apparatus, 105, 109 Sir Henry Thompson on cremation, 23, 77, 85, 106, 114 Time occupied by cremation, 115 Urns, &c., 119 Vaults, burial in, 47, 59 Water-supply, poisoning of, 51 Weight of ashes, 115 Works upon burial, 42, 89 -- -- cremation, 127 LONDON: PRINTED BY SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE AND PARLIAMENT STREET [Illustration: PLATE I. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHED BY ROB^T J COOK & HAMMOND CHARING CROSS & WESTMINSTER VIEW OF A SIEMENS' APPARATUS (GERMAN)] [Illustration: PLATE II. LITHOGRAPHED BY ROB^T J COOK & HAMMOND CHARING CROSS & WESTMINSTER SIEMENS' APPARATUS (ENGLISH PATTERN)]