Pacifism, a dream, 218-219. Panics, strikes following on, 102. Pardons, granting of, to criminals, 263-272. Parole, release of prisoners on, 265-272. Parole boards, 22; responsibilities of, 266-272; need of, for honesty, intelligence, and thorough equipment for work, 278-279. Parole laws, 218-219. Pick-pocket, development of the, 60-62. Pliny, letter of, quoted, 225-228. Poverty, relation between crime and, 101-102, 172, 176-177; of men charged with crime, 120. Prisoners, situation of, 120-123; proposed remedial measures affecting, 273-282. Prisons, reformation not accomplished in, 20-21. gradual improvement in, 163-164. Probation, system of, 271-272. Prohibition laws, 138; effect of, on crime, 197-198; Property, crimes against, 97-99; normal results of civilization, 100; discussion and analysis of, 101-108. Pugnacity, instinct of, in man, 47, 48. Punishment, purpose of, 12 ff.; hatred and vengeance as moving purposes of, 12-19; reformation viewed as aim of, 19-21; as a deterrent from crime, 21-24; impossibility of justifying, by any reasoning, 25-27; determining correct basis of fixing, 150-157; effects of too drastic, 156-157; results of, to others than the subject, 158-160; evolution of, 161-165; capital, 166-171; viewed as cruelty, not as a remedial measure, 275. Rape, crime of, 88-89, 91. Reason, slight effect of, on actions of men, 44-55. Reformation, viewed as purpose of punishment 19-21; impossibility of moral, of man, 276-277. Religion, emotional life supplied by 54-55; in early times, subjects for criminal code furnished by, 161-163; criminal code created with growth of, 223-224. Repulsion, instinct of, in man, 47. "Revelations of St. Peter," quotation from, 14-17. Revenge. _See_ Vengeance. Revenue laws, common violation of, 132. Revolutionists, position of, 114. Robbery, crime of, 92-93. Sabbath observance, disregard of laws concerning, 132. Self-protection, a justification of imprisonment, 25. Sentences of prisoners, basis of fixing, 156-157; indeterminate, 268-271, 278. Sentimentalism, defense of, 168-169. Sex instinct in man, 45, 48-49; jealousy and revenge caused by, 84-85; crimes resulting from, 88-91. Shoplifting, kleptomania and, 191-192. Social control, theory of, 136; discussion of, 193-202. Spanish Inquisition, ravages of the, 224. Sterilization of the defective, 233-249. Stigmata of the criminal, 172-177. Strikes, crimes following on, 102. Suggestion, power of, on human mind, 24, 65. Sumner, W.G., "Folkways" by, 131. Taboos, adoption of, by primitive man, 7-8. Tests, physical, of prisoners, 176-177; intelligence, for grading mentality of the backward, 185-186. Trajan, correspondence between Pliny and, 225-228. Vengeance, origin in, of idea of punishment, 12-19; punishment inflicted solely for, not as remedial measure, 275.